1\u5f15\u8a00<\/p>\n
\u5386\u4ee3\u533b\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u6781\u91cd\u89c6\u8865\u6cfb\u6cd5\u3002\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5b9e\u5219\u6cfb\u4e4b\uff0c\u865a\u5219\u8865\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u76db\u4e0d\u865a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ecf\u53d6\u4e4b\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7528\u6cfb\u6cd5\uff0c\u865a\u8bc1\u7528\u8865\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e34\u8bc1\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u201c\u4e0d\u76db\u4e0d\u865a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ecf\u53d6\u4e4b\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u865a\u5b9e\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8bc1\u5019\u662f\u53d6\u75c5\u53d8\u810f\u8151\u7684\u7ecf\u7a74\uff0c\u7528\u5e73\u8865\u5e73\u6cfb\u4e4b\u6cd5\u3002\u5e73\u8865\u5e73\u6cfb\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4e0d\u8865\u4e0d\u6cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4eba\u4e4b\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u8bc1\u5019\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6216\u5b9e\u6216\u865a\uff0c\u6216\u865a\u5b9e\u5939\u6742\uff0c\u6216\u5bd2\u70ed\u9519\u6742\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u8865\u4e0d\u6cfb\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8865\u6cfb\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u300a\u9488\u7078\u5927\u6210\u00b7\u4e1c\u57a3\u9488\u6cd5\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u8865\u4e0d\u6cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bfc\u6c14\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u201d\u5bfc\u6c14\u6cd5\u662f\u5f90\u5f90\u4e3e\u9488\uff0c\u968f\u60a3\u8005\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u5fae\u5fae\u6413\u4e4b\uff0c\u8f7b\u9488\u6162\u637b\uff0c\u6162\u9488\u91cd\u637b\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5bfc\u90aa\u5916\u51fa\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5f15\u771f\u6c14\u5165\u5185\u3002\u5bfc\u6c14\u91cd\u610f\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u533b\u60a3\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u201c\u611f\u800c\u9042\u901a\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u538b\u529b\u666e\u904d\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u60c5\u5fd7\u7c7b\u75be\u75c5\u591a\u53d1\uff0c\u5bfc\u6c14\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8c03\u8282\u60c5\u5fd7\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5df2\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79d1\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d88\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7597\u6548\u3002\u300a\u91d1\u9488\u8d4b\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u539f\u592b\u8865\u6cfb\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5999\u5728\u547c\u5438\u624b\u6307\u201d\u3002\u5f90\u5165\u5f90\u51fa\u7684\u5bfc\u6c14\u6cd5\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u5728\u9488\u523a\u5f97\u6c14\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u547c\u5438\u65f6\uff0c\u505a\u8865\u6cfb\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u9488\u523a\u8865\u6cfb\u7684\u8981\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
[1]\u7a0b\u52cb\u660c,\u674e\u5b66\u519b.\u9488\u836f\u7ed3\u5408\u8fa8\u6cbb\u80a0\u6613\u6fc0\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u4e34\u5e8a\u89c2\u5bdf[J].\u6cb3\u5357\u4e2d\u533b,2023,43(03):454-458. <\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u7f51<\/p>\n
2\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u8bba\u53ca\u7684\u8865\u6cfb\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
2.1\u624b\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
\u5728\u300a\u91d1\u9488\u8d4b\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u624b\u6cd5\u7684\u8865\u6cfb\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u6cfb\u6cd5\u6216\u6e05\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u4e00\u98de\u4e09\u9000\uff0c\u90aa\u6c14\u81ea\u907f\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u6309\u5929\u5730\u4eba\u4e09\u90e8\uff0c\u9488\u5165\u5730\u90e8\uff0c\u63d0\u63d2\u637b\u8f6c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c14\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u9006\u637b\u4ee5\u516d\u6570\uff1b\u9000\u81f3\u4eba\u90e8\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u9006\u637b\u4ee5\u516d\u6570\uff1b\u9000\u81f3\u5929\u90e8\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u9006\u637b\u4ee5\u516d\u6570\uff0c\u51fa\u9488\u540e\u6447\u5927\u9488\u5b54\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u5bfc\u90aa\u6c14\u5916\u51fa\u3002\u8865\u6cfb\u6216\u6e29\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u4e00\u9000\u4e09\u98de\uff0c\u771f\u6c14\u81ea\u5f52\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u6309\u5929\u5730\u4eba\u4e09\u90e8\uff0c\u9488\u5165\u5929\u90e8\uff0c\u63d0\u63d2\u637b\u8f6c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c14\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u987a\u637b\u4e5d\u6570\uff1b\u8fdb\u81f3\u4eba\u90e8\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u987a\u637b\u4ee5\u4e5d\u6570\uff1b\u8fdb\u81f3\u5730\u90e8\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u6cd5\u987a\u637b\u4ee5\u4e5d\u6570\uff0c\u51fa\u9488\u540e\u901f\u95ed\u9488\u5b54\uff0c\u5f15\u771f\u6c14\u5165\u5185\u3002\u5148\u8865\u865a\u540e\u6cfb\u5b9e\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5148\u4e00\u9000\u4e09\u98de\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u98de\u4e09\u9000\u3002\u5148\u6cfb\u5b9e\u540e\u8865\u865a\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u98de\u4e09\u9000\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u9000\u4e09\u98de\u3002<\/p>\n
2.2\u914d\u5408\u547c\u5438<\/p>\n
\u5728\u300a\u91d1\u9488\u8d4b\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u547c\u5438\u4e0e\u624b\u6cd5\u914d\u5408\u7684\u8865\u6cfb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u201c\u7537\u5b50\u8005\uff0c\u5927\u6307\u8fdb\u524d\u5de6\u8f6c\uff0c\u547c\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8865\uff0c\u9000\u540e\u53f3\u8f6c\uff0c\u5438\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6cfb\uff0c\u63d0\u9488\u4e3a\u70ed\uff0c\u63d2\u9488\u4e3a\u5bd2\uff1b\u5973\u5b50\u8005\uff0c\u5927\u6307\u9000\u540e\u53f3\u8f6c\uff0c\u5438\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8865\uff0c\u8fdb\u524d\u5de6\u8f6c\uff0c\u547c\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6cfb\uff0c\u63d2\u9488\u4e3a\u70ed\uff0c\u63d0\u9488\u4e3a\u5bd2\u3002\u201d\u9488\u4e0b\u5f97\u6c14\u540e\uff0c\u65bd\u8865\u6cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u624b\u6cd5\u914d\u5408\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u4e3a\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u533b\u8005\u5728\u60a3\u8005\u547c\u6c14\u65f6\u62c7\u6307\u5de6\u8f6c\uff0c\u4e3a\u8865\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u9488\u5411\u4e0a\u63d0\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u6e29\u8865\u3002 \u300a\u6807\u5e7d\u8d4b\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u8865\u6cfb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u624b\u6307\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u539f\u592b\u8865\u6cfb\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u975e\u547c\u5438\u800c\u5728\u624b\u6307\uff0c\u901f\u523a\u4e4b\u6548\uff0c\u8981\u4ea4\u6b63\u800c\u8bc6\u672c\u7ecf\u3002\u4ea4\u7ecf\u7f2a\u523a\uff0c\u5de6\u6709\u75c5\u800c\u53f3\u7554\u53d6\uff1b\u6cfb\u7edc\u8fdc\u9488\uff0c\u5934\u6709\u75c5\u800c\u811a\u4e0a\u9488\u3002\u201d\u4ece\u4e34\u8bc1\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d6\u5065\u4fa7\u7a74\u6216\u4e0a\u75c5\u4e0b\u53d6\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u7b14\u8005\u7814\u4e60\u201c\u4e1c\u57a3\u5bfc\u6c14\u9488\u6cd5\u201d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5bfc\u6c14\u6cd5\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u5728\u60a3\u8005\u5e73\u9759\u547c\u5438\u65f6\u65bd\u4ee5\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u66f4\u80fd\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u60a3\u5904\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u540c\u9891\u5171\u632f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u540c\u6c14\u76f8\u6c42\u201d\u6ee1\u610f\u7597\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u8865\u6cfb\u771f\u4e49<\/p>\n
\u5728\u60a3\u8005\u5438\u6c14\u65f6\u5feb\u901f\u8fdb\u76ae\uff0c\u547c\u6c14\u65f6\u7f13\u6162\u51fa\u9488\u4e3a\u6cfb\u6cd5\uff1b\u547c\u6c14\u65f6\u7f13\u6162\u8fdb\u9488\uff0c\u5438\u6c14\u65f6\u5feb\u901f\u51fa\u9488\u4e3a\u8865\u6cd5\uff1b\u8f7b\u9488\u6162\u637b\uff0c\u5373\u9488\u523a\u624b\u6cd5\u8f7b\uff0c\u7528\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u987a\u637b\u4ea7\u751f\u5c0f\u91cf\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u60a3\u8005\u610f\u8bc6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u9488\u5904\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c14\u805a\uff0c\u771f\u6c14\u5165\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u4e3a\u8865\uff1b\u6162\u9488\u91cd\u637b\uff0c\u5373\u9488\u523a\u624b\u6cd5\u91cd\uff0c\u7528\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u91cd\u9006\u637b\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u4ea7\u751f\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u4f7f\u90aa\u6c14\u5916\u9038\uff0c\u6c14\u6563\u800c\u4e3a\u6cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[1]\u7a0b\u52cb\u660c.\u8c03\u4e2d\u6563\u75de\u65b9\u8054\u5408\u4e1c\u57a3\u5bfc\u6c14\u9488\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7597\u809d\u80c3\u4e0d\u548c\u578b\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6d88\u5316\u4e0d\u826f\u4e34\u5e8a\u89c2\u5bdf[D].\u5b89\u5fbd\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5927\u5b66,2025.<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u7f51<\/p>\n
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1\u5f15\u8a00 \u5386\u4ee3\u533b\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u6781\u91cd\u89c6\u8865\u6cfb\u6cd5\u3002\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5b9e\u5219\u6cfb … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb