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\u56fd\u5bb6\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n
\u901a\u4fe1\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u9ec4\u5b87\u5149<\/p>\n
Email: garybeijing@163.com<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u91d1\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u4e2d\u592e\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u533b\u9662\u4e34\u5e8a\u79d1\u7814\u4e13\u98792022\u5e74\u4e13\u79d1\u63d0\u5347\u8ba1\u5212\uff082022-PUMCH-B-006\uff09\uff1b\u9996\u90fd\u536b\u751f\u53d1\u5c55\u79d1\u7814\u4e13\u9879\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u9996\u53d12018-2-4013\uff09\uff1b\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u4e2d\u592e\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u533b\u9662\u4e34\u5e8a\u79d1\u7814\u4e13\u98792022\u5e74\u91cd\u70b9\u57f9\u80b2\u8ba1\u5212\uff082022-PUMCH-C-011\uff09<\/p>\n
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ERAS\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282[4]<\/sup>\u3002\u81ea\u300a\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u8bc6\uff082017\uff09\u300b[5]<\/sup>\u53d1\u5e03\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u9ebb\u9189\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u548c\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f462019\u20142021\u5e74\u5317\u4eac\u90e8\u5206\u533b\u9662\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u4ecd\u9ad8\u8fbe29.9%\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u7387\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4e3a26.3%[6]<\/sup>\uff0c\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5df2\u5c06\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u672f\u4e2d\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u7387\u3001\u672f\u4e2d\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u7387\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u624b\u672f\u671f\u95f4\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u6062\u590d\u5ba4\uff08postanesthesia care unit, PACU\uff09\u5165\u5ba4\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u7b494\u9879\u6307\u6807\u7eb3\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u533b\u7597\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u3001\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u7ed3\u5c40\u7b49\u7eb3\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u5347\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u533b\u5b66\u4f1a\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u5206\u4f1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u8bc1\u636e\u53ca\u4e94\u5e74\u6765\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5728\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6211\u56fd\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u76f8\u5173\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u5171\u8bc6\u66f4\u65b0\u4fee\u8ba2\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u300a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u8bc6(2023\u7248)\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5316\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u672f\u4e2d\u548c\u672f\u540e\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u76f8\u5173\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u7387\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u540e\u8f6c\u5f52\u3002<\/p>\n 1\u5171\u8bc6\u5236\u8ba2\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n \u672c\u5171\u8bc6\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u7531\u5168\u56fd\u9ebb\u9189\u8d28\u63a7\u4e13\u5bb6\u548c\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u79d1\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ec4\u6210\u30022022\u5e745\u670816\u65e5\u542f\u52a8\u5171\u8bc6\u5236\u8ba2\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c2023\u5e744\u670814\u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\u5b9a\u7a3f\u3002\u4ee5\u201cperioperative hypothermia\u201d\u3001\u201cperioperative temperature\u201d\u3001\u201cthermal management\u201d\u548c\u201cperioperative warming\u201d\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u68c0\u7d22\u4e86Medline\u3001Embase\u3001Ovid\u548cCochrane\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u56f4\uff08\u624b\uff09\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u68c0\u7d22\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u7f51\u548c\u4e07\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u77e5\u8bc6\u670d\u52a1\u5e73\u53f0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u68c0\u7d22\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5efa\u5e93\u81f32023\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u3002\u672c\u5171\u8bc6\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u53575\u7bc7\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4ef78\u7bc7\uff0c\u7eb3\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u75c5\u4f8b-\u5bf9\u7167\u7814\u7a7630\u4f59\u7bc7\u3002\u7531\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ec4\u5171\u540c\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e34\u5e8a\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u64b0\u5199\u63d0\u7eb2\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\u8ba8\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u4e8e2022\u5e7411\u670811\u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\u521d\u7a3f\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u5fb7\u5c14\u83f2\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc72\u8f6e\u4e13\u5bb6\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u4e8615\u6761\u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c1[7]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n 2\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20<\/p>\n \u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u53d1\u751f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u60a3\u8005\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u624b\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u836f\u7269\u56e0\u7d20\uff09\u3001\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u5e72\u9884\u7b49[2-3,8-9]<\/sup>\uff08\u88681\uff09\u3002\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u660e\u663e\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u65e0\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n 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\u2103\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u963b\u6ede\u533a\u57df\u7684\u51b7\u611f\u89c9\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u5165\u53d7\u963b\uff0c\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6e29\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e[10]<\/sup>\u3002\u690e\u7ba1\u5185\u9ebb\u9189\u590d\u5408\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u89e6\u53d1\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\u7684\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u590d\u5408\u9ebb\u9189\u8f83\u5355\u7eaf\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u66f4\u665a\u51fa\u73b0\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u4f1a\u6291\u5236\u5355\u7eaf\u690e\u7ba1\u5185\u9ebb\u9189\u65f6\u673a\u4f53\u4e3a\u589e\u52a0\u4ea7\u70ed\u800c\u8bf1\u53d1\u7684\u5bd2\u6218\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u590d\u5408\u9ebb\u9189\u65f6\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u964d\u4f4e\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5355\u7eaf\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u65f6\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u671f[13]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n 4\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u4e0e\u4e0d\u826f\u7ed3\u5c40<\/p>\n \u65e2\u5f80\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u4e0e\u4e0d\u826f\u7ed3\u5c40\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8981\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u5ba4\u6027\u5fc3\u5f8b\u5931\u5e38\u3001\u5fc3\u808c\u7f3a\u8840\u3001\u5fc3\u808c\u6897\u6b7b\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u90e8\u4f4d\u611f\u67d3\u3001\u51dd\u8840\/\u7ea4\u6eb6\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u788d\u3001\u8f93\u8840\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u836f\u7269\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u4ee3\u8c22\u6539\u53d8\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u540e\u82cf\u9192\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u957f\u548c\u5bd2\u6218\u7b49\u4e0d\u9002\u75c7\u72b6\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\uff08\u88682\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u4e3a34.5\uff5e35.5 \u2103\u3002\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u5bfc\u81f4\u624b\u672f\u90e8\u4f4d\u611f\u67d3\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u6d45\u8868\u611f\u67d3\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u589e\u9ad83\u500d\uff0c\u5fc3\u810f\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5ba4\u6027\u5fc3\u5f8b\u5931\u5e38\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u589e\u9ad82\u500d\uff0c\u4fdd\u6e29\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e36%\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8f93\u8840\u7387[17-18]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n 2022\u5e74\uff0cLancet\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6211\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5927\u6837\u672c\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u5171\u7eb3\u51655 013\u4f8b\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u63a7\u5236\u572835.5 \u2103\uff08\u5e38\u89c4\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u621637.0 \u2103\uff08\u79ef\u6781\u4fdd\u6e29\uff09\u5bf9\u672f\u540e\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u975e\u5fc3\u810f\u624b\u672f\u540e\u5fc3\u808c\u635f\u4f24\u3001\u975e\u81f4\u6b7b\u6027\u5fc3\u810f\u9aa4\u505c\u3001\u75c7\u72b6\u6027\u5fc3\u808c\u7f3a\u8840\uff09\u548c\u672f\u540e30 d\u5185\u5168\u56e0\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u975e\u5fc3\u810f\u5927\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u5e94\u7ef4\u6301\u4e8e35.5\uff5e37.0 \u2103\uff0c\u5c1a\u65e0\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7ed3\u5c40\u6307\u6807\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5dee\u5f02[19]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c12\uff1a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u4f4e\u4e8e35.5 \u2103\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u624b\u672f\u90e8\u4f4d\u611f\u67d3\u7b49\u4e0d\u826f\u7ed3\u5c40\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a97.1%\uff0834\/35\uff09\u300255 \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b<\/p>\n \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u800c\u5916\u5468\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6e29\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u4f4e2\uff5e4 \u2103\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u548c\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u9632\u6cbb\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u8bc6\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u3001\u9891\u7387\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u76d1\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u88683\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672f\u524d\u3001\u672f\u4e2d\u548c\u672f\u540e\u6062\u590d\u671f\u3002\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u90e8\u4f4d\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u8fdb\u5165\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u524d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u672f\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u6bcf\u969415\uff5e30 min\u76d1\u6d4b1\u6b21\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u4e14\u672f\u540ePACU\u5185\u4ecd\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u672f\u4e2d\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u6cbb\u7597\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003[18]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n \u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u6d4b\u91cf\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u7531\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e3a\u8840\u6db2\uff08\u80ba\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u9888\u5185\u9759\u8109\u3001\u80a1\u52a8\u8109\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u5de6\u5fc3\u623f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u98df\u7ba1\u4e0b\u6bb51\/3\u3001\u9f3b\u54bd\u90e8\u3001\u8180\u80f1\u3001\u76f4\u80a0\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u3001\u9f13\u819c\u3001\u989e\u52a8\u8109\u7b49[10]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u671f\u95f4[19]<\/sup>\uff0c\u98df\u7ba1\u6216\u9f3b\u54bd\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6700\u5b9e\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u76d1\u6d4b\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u653e\u7f6e\u98df\u7ba1\u6e29\u5ea6\u63a2\u5934\u5bf9\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u6570\u636e\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u63a2\u5934\u5c16\u7aef\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u98df\u7ba1\u7684\u4e0b1\/3\u6216\u9f3b\u5b54\u4e0b10\uff5e20 cm[20-21]<\/sup>\u3002\u76f4\u80a0\u6216\u8180\u80f1\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53ef\u53cd\u6620\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u5fc3\u80ba\u8f6c\u6d41\u671f\u95f4\u5916\u5468\u590d\u6e29\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6027\uff08\u76c6\u8154\u624b\u672f\u9664\u5916\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u65b0\u578b\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u7535\u5b50\u4f53\u6e29\u8ba1\u548c\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u4f53\u6e29\u8ba1\u7b49\uff09\u5177\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u8212\u9002\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5df2\u9010\u6e10\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6c34\u94f6\u4f53\u6e29\u8ba1\u3002\u65b0\u578b\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fde\u7eed\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8054\u7f51\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u66f4\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u51c6\u786e[22]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c13\uff1a\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672f\u524d\u3001\u672f\u4e2d\u548c\u672f\u540e\u6062\u590d\u671f\uff1b\u672f\u4e2d\u9700\u5e94\u7528\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3001\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3001\u521b\u4f24\u5c0f\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 66 \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u63aa\u65bd<\/p>\n 6.1 \u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u76ee\u6807 <\/p>\n \u76ee\u524d\u6839\u636e\u65e2\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u672f\u4e2d\u7ef4\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u76ee\u6807\u4f9d\u65e7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e36 \u2103[16]<\/sup>\u3002\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u63aa\u65bd\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec[23]<\/sup>\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7269\u7406\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c14\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u60a3\u8005\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u7ef4\u6301\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a36 \u2103\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 6.2 \u7269\u7406\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd<\/p>\n 6.2.1 \u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29<\/p>\n \u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u4fc3\u8fdb\u70ed\u91cf\u6ede\u7559\uff0c\u5e94\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u5de5\u9f3b\u3001\u68c9\u6bef\u3001\u624b\u672f\u5355\u3001\u53cd\u5149\u6bef\u548c\u9694\u70ed\u6bef\u7b49\u9694\u70ed\u63aa\u65bd[24-26]<\/sup>\u3002\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u53ef\u51cf\u5c1130\uff05\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5176\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u8986\u76d6\u7269\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3001\u9762\u79ef\u53ca\u8986\u76d6\u5c42\u6570\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n 6.2.2 \u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29<\/p>\n \u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u5229\u7528\u52a0\u70ed\u88c5\u7f6e\u4ea7\u751f\u70ed\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u5468\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/p>\n (1)\u5145\u6c14\u52a0\u6e29\uff08forced-air warming, FAW\uff09\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6d41\u52a0\u70ed\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a0\u6e29\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00[24-26]<\/sup>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6210\u4eba\u53ca\u65b0\u751f\u513f\u3001\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u3001\u80a5\u80d6\u60a3\u8005\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u4fdd\u6e29\u3002\u52a0\u70ed\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7a7a\u6c14\u5bf9\u6d41\u6216\u63a5\u89e6\u4f20\u5bfc\u4f7f\u673a\u4f53\u52a0\u6e29\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u70ed\u91cf\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ef4\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u5904\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u589e\u52a0\u5207\u53e3\u611f\u67d3\u7387\uff0c\u8f83\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\uff08\u68c9\u88ab\u3001\u68c9\u6bef\uff09\u53ef\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u9884\u9632\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u60a3\u8005\u590d\u6e29\u3002\u5176\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u624b\u672f\u4f53\u4f4d\u3001\u4fdd\u6e29\u90e8\u4f4d\uff08\u4e0a\u8179\u90e8\u3001\u4e0b\u8179\u90e8\u3001\u5168\u8eab\uff09\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u7b49\u6709\u5173[27]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n (2)\u9759\u8109\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5404\u7c7b\u9694\u70ed\u9759\u8109\u8f93\u6db2\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u6c34\u6d74\u52a0\u6e29\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u677f\u70ed\u4ea4\u6362\u5668\u3001\u5bf9\u6d41\u52a0\u6e29\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u4f4e\u6d41\u901f\u6216\u9ad8\u6d41\u901f\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u8d85\u8fc71 000 ml\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u51b7\u85cf\u8840\u5236\u54c1\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u9759\u8109\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u52a0\u6e29\u81f337 \u2103\u4ee5\u4e0a\u518d\u8f93\u6ce8[28]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u8840\u5236\u54c1\u52a0\u6e29\u4e0d\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc743 \u2103\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b9c\u91c7\u7528\u6c34\u6d74\u548c\u5fae\u6ce2\u52a0\u6e29\u65b9\u6cd5[29]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n (3)\u4f20\u5bfc\u52a0\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4f20\u5bfc\u578b\u7535\u70ed\u6bef\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u6c34\u52a0\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u78b3\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7535\u963b\u52a0\u6e29\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0cFAW\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u690e\u7ba1\u5185\u9ebb\u9189\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u4f18\u4e8e\u4f20\u5bfc\u578b\u7535\u70ed\u6bef[30-31]<\/sup>\u3002\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6c34\u52a0\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u8179\u90e8\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u672f\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u4e0eFAW\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8054\u5408FAW\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u4f73[31-32]<\/sup>\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u78b3\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7535\u963b\u52a0\u6e29\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9884\u9632\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u53d1\u751f[33]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n (4)\u5176\u4ed6\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e29\u70ed\u8154\u955c\u51b2\u6d17\u6db2\u6216CO2<\/sub>\u6c14\u8179\u6c14\u4f53\u52a0\u6e29\u7b49[34-36]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5747\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u672f\u4e2d\u70ed\u91cf\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c15\uff1a\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\u5e94\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6574\u4e2a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\u4f18\u4e8e\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u590d\u5408\u4fdd\u6e29\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u5229\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u9884\u9632\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5f53\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\uff1c36 \u2103\u65f6\u5e94\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u65b9\u5f0f\u9996\u9009\u5145\u6c14\u52a0\u6e29\uff0c\u5145\u6c14\u52a0\u6e29\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u624b\u672f\u4f53\u4f4d\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u548c\u52a0\u6e29\u90e8\u4f4d\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 6.2.3 \u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u8c03\u63a7<\/p>\n \u70ed\u8f90\u5c04\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u4e22\u5931\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u76ae\u80a4\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5dee\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u518d\u5206\u5e03\u540e\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4fdd\u6e29\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a0\u6e29\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u56e2\u961f\u8212\u9002\u6e29\u5ea6[37]<\/sup>\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u666e\u904d\u63a8\u8350\u6210\u4eba\u672f\u4e2d\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e21 \u2103[38]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u513f\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u7684\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e23 \u2103[39-40]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u65bd\u5373\u4e3a\u590d\u5408\u4fdd\u6e29\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u590d\u5408\u4fdd\u6e29\u6bd4\u5355\u4e00\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u6548[41]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c16\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a0\u6e29\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u56e2\u961f\u8212\u9002\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u6210\u4eba\u672f\u4e2d\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e21 \u2103\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u513f\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u7684\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e23 \u2103\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a97.1%\uff0834\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 6.3 \u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd <\/p>\n \u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u70ed\u91cf\u518d\u5206\u5e03\uff08\u5982\u53bb\u6c27\u80be\u4e0a\u817a\u7d20\uff09[42]<\/sup>\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u4ee3\u8c22\u4ea7\u70ed\uff08\u5982\u679c\u7cd6\u3001\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff09[43-44]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n 77 \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u4e34\u5e8a\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n \u4f9d\u636e\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u9632\u6cbb\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b(\u56fe1)\uff0c\u5728\u672f\u524d\u3001\u672f\u4e2d\u548c\u672f\u540e3\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u91c7\u53d6\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387[1-2,4-5]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n 7.1 \u672f\u524d <\/p>\n \u672f\u524d\u6307\u60a3\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u9ebb\u9189\u524d1 h\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u60a3\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8f6c\u8fd0\u81f3\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6216\u60a3\u8005\u7b49\u5019\u533a\u3002\u672f\u524d\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u60a3\u8005\u5747\u4f34\u6709\u5916\u5468\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\u548c\u5916\u5468\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51b7\u611f\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u524d\u4f53\u6e29\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u672f\u4e2d\u70ed\u91cf\u518d\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u4f53\u5185\u70ed\u91cf\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5feb\u901f\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u672f\u540e\u4f53\u6e29\u4ecd\u5f88\u96be\u8fc5\u901f\u7ea0\u6b63\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u672f\u524d\u6709\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u53ca\u65f6\u7ed9\u4e88\u9884\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u9632\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n 7.1.1 \u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n \u826f\u597d\u7684\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9ebb\u9189\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u672f\u524d\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u7ea7\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u4e34\u5e8a\u6548\u76ca\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u60a3\u8005\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u624b\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\u548c\u662f\u5426\u5e72\u9884\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u60a3\u8005\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\u30022017\u5e74\u4e00\u9879\u5168\u56fd\u6a2a\u65ad\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb3\u5165\u60a3\u8005BMI\u3001\u672f\u524d\u57fa\u7840\u4f53\u6e29\u3001\u624b\u672f\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u6982\u7387\u8bc4\u5206\u8868(\u53c8\u79f0Predictors\u8bc4\u5206)\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u53d1\u751f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u503c[45]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8bc4\u5206\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7814\u53d1\u51fa\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u9884\u6d4bAPP\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u9ebb\u9189\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u8fdb\u884c\u672f\u524d\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u30022020\u5e74\u4e00\u9879\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u5355\u4e2d\u5fc3\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u521d\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9884\u6d4bAPP\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662fPredictors\u8bc4\u5206\u8fd8\u662fAPP\u5747\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u9884\u6d4b\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\uff08AUC\uff1a0.700\uff5e0.729\uff09[6,46]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u5c06\u98ce\u9669\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u4f4e\u5371\u3001\u4e2d\u5371\u548c\u9ad8\u5371\uff08\u5373\u6839\u636e\u98ce\u9669\u9884\u6d4b\u767e\u5206\u6570\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4f4e\u5371\u4e3a0\uff5e<70%\uff1b\u4e2d\u5371\u4e3a70%\uff5e<90%\uff1b\u9ad8\u5371\u4e3a\u226590%\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5404\u5371\u9669\u5ea6\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6548\u80fd\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ca\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c17\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u6216\u690e\u7ba1\u5185\u9ebb\u9189\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc730 min\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5404\u9879\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u6982\u7387Predictors\u8bc4\u5206\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a97.1%\uff0834\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 7.1.2 \u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u82e5\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u524d\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\uff1c36 \u2103\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u5feb\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a0\u6e29(\u9664\u5916\u6025\u8bca\u624b\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u5927\u51fa\u8840\u3001\u6025\u8179\u75c7\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5)\uff0c\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u5c3d\u91cf\u8fbe\u523036 \u2103\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u4fdd\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u826f\u597d\u7684\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u9ebb\u9189\u524d\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u5e94\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e36 \u2103\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff083\uff09\u82e5\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u524d\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u226536 \u2103\uff0c\u5728\u9ebb\u9189\u8bf1\u5bfc\u524d\u3001\u6c14\u7ba1\u63d2\u7ba1\u6216\u52a8\u9759\u8109\u7a7f\u523a\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u4ecd\u5e94\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff084\uff09\u7ef4\u6301\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6(\u5305\u62ec\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u6216\u60a3\u8005\u7b49\u5019\u533a\u7b49)\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e21 \u2103\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff085\uff09\u79ef\u6781\u91c7\u53d6\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u5e76\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6574\u4e2a\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n 7.1.3 \u9884\u4fdd\u6e29<\/p>\n \u672f\u524d\u9884\u4fdd\u6e29\u662f\u6307\u672f\u524d\u60a3\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u50a8\u80fd\u548c\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u964d\u4f4e\u548c\u70ed\u91cf\u518d\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5b9e\u65bd\u690e\u7ba1\u5185\u9ebb\u9189\u8fd8\u662f\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u9884\u4fdd\u6e29\u5747\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4e0e\u672f\u4e2d\u3001\u672f\u540e\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9884\u4fdd\u6e29\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002\u9884\u4fdd\u6e2930 min\u540e\u5916\u5468\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u62b5\u6d88\u9ebb\u9189\u8bf1\u5bfc\u540e\u7b2c1\u5c0f\u65f6\u518d\u5206\u5e03\u635f\u5931\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u6837\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9884\u4fdd\u6e2910 min\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u610f\u5916\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u53d1\u751f[47-51]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c18\uff1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u9884\u4fdd\u6e29\u662f\u9884\u9632\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u6709\u6548\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u60a3\u8005\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 7.2 \u672f\u4e2d <\/p>\n \u672f\u4e2d\u6307\u4ece\u60a3\u8005\u9ebb\u9189\u5f00\u59cb\u81f3\u624b\u672f\u7ed3\u675f\u79bb\u5f00\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u3002\u7ef4\u6301\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u4f53\u6e29\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u60a3\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53(\u5982\u70e7\u4f24\u60a3\u8005)\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u624b\u672f\u7c7b\u578b(\u5982\u5fc3\u810f\u624b\u672f)\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u672f\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u539f\u5219\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4f9b\u4e34\u5e8a\u6839\u636e\u60a3\u8005\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u62e9\u4f18\u9009\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n 7.2.1 \u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n \u9996\u5148\u9700\u660e\u786e\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5982\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u8054\u5408\u533a\u57df\u963b\u6ede\u3001\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624b\u672f\u3001\u5927\u624b\u672f\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u624b\u672f\u7b49\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u524d\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u76f8\u5173\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5e38\u89c4\u8bb0\u5f55\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u8bc4\u4f30\u60a3\u8005\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u4f53\u5f81\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u60a3\u8005\u6e05\u9192\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n 7.2.2 \u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n (1)\u5168\u8eab\u9ebb\u9189\u8bf1\u5bfc\u524d\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6bcf15\uff5e30\u5206\u949f\u6d4b\u91cf\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f551\u6b21\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u624b\u672f\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u672f\u4e2d\u505a\u597d\u88ab\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u70ed\u91cf\uff1b<\/p>\n (2)\u7ef4\u6301\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e21 \u2103\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e3b\u52a8\u52a0\u6e29\u540e\uff0c\u65b9\u53ef\u4e0b\u8c03\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1b<\/p>\n (3)\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\uff1e36 \u2103\u65b9\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u9ebb\u9189\u8bf1\u5bfc\uff0c\u75c5\u60c5\u7d27\u6025\u9700\u7acb\u523b\u624b\u672f\u8005\u9664\u5916(\u5982\u5927\u51fa\u8840\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6025\u8bca\u624b\u672f)\uff1b<\/p>\n (4)\u8f93\u6ce8\u8d85\u8fc71 000 ml\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u51b7\u85cf\u8840\u5236\u54c1\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u52a0\u6e29\u81f337 \u2103\u4ee5\u4e0a\u518d\u8f93\u6ce8\uff1b<\/p>\n (5)\u6240\u6709\u8154\u955c\u51b2\u6d17\u6db2\u548cCO2\u6c14\u8179\u5efa\u8bae\u52a0\u70ed\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c19\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u524d\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u8054\u5408\u9759\u8109\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u70ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 7.3 \u672f\u540e <\/p>\n \u672f\u540e\u6307\u60a3\u8005\u4ece\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u79bb\u5f00\u540e24 h\u5185\u7684\u6062\u590d\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728PACU\u3001\u8f6c\u8fd0\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u75c5\u623f\u751a\u81f3\u91cd\u75c7\u76d1\u62a4\u5ba4\u7b49\u3002\u60a3\u8005\u5728\u672f\u540e\u53ca\u9ebb\u9189\u6062\u590d\u671f\uff0c\u4ecd\u5e94\u5173\u6ce8\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u9ebb\u9189\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u751a\u81f3\u4f4f\u9662\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n 7.3.1 \u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n \u60a3\u8005\u672f\u540e\u8fdb\u5165PACU\u3001\u75c5\u623f\u6216\u91cd\u75c7\u76d1\u62a4\u5ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u53ca\u65f6\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6e05\u9192\u60a3\u8005\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u75c7\u72b6\u4e0e\u4f53\u5f81\uff08\u5982\u5bd2\u6218\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 7.3.2 \u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n \uff081\uff09PACU\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u9891\u7387\uff1a\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6062\u590d\u5ba4\u5373\u523b\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u6bcf15\uff5e30\u5206\u949f\u91cd\u590d\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00PACU\u524d\u5e94\u518d\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff082\uff09PACU\u5ba4\u6e29\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e23 \u2103\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff083\uff09PACU\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u2460\u82e5\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u88ab\u52a8\u6e29\u5ea6\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u5982\u8986\u76d6\u68c9\u6bef\u7b49\uff0c\u2461\u82e5\u60a3\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\uff1c36 \u2103\uff0c\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u542f\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528FAW\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u60a3\u8005\u4f53\u6e29\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u5e38\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff084\uff09PACU\u5bd2\u6218\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5e94\u52a8\u6001\u8bc4\u4f30\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u89c2\u5bdf\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u75c7\u72b6\u5982\u5bd2\u6218\u3001\u7ad6\u6bdb\u53cd\u5e94\u7b49\uff1b\u53ef\u4e88\u836f\u7269\u51cf\u8f7b\u6216\u6291\u5236\u5bd2\u6218\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u836f\u7269\u5305\u62ec\u66f2\u9a6c\u591a\u3001\u9541\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u53f3\u7f8e\u6258\u54aa\u5b9a\u7b49[52]<\/sup>\uff1b<\/p>\n \uff085\uff09\u79bb\u5f00PACU\u524d\uff1a\u505a\u597d\u4e0e\u4e3b\u7ba1\u533b\u5e08\u672f\u540e\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4ea4\u63a5\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u6db2\u52a0\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u8986\u76d6\u4fdd\u6e29\u6bef\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u8f6c\u8fd0\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u5728\u75c5\u623f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fdd\u6e29\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c110\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u8bc4\u4f30\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u70ed\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f53\u60a3\u8005\u51fa\u73b0\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u75c7\u72b6\u5982\u5bd2\u6218\uff0c\u9996\u9009FAW\u88c5\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u6e29\uff0c\u82e5\u75c7\u72b6\u65e0\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u53ef\u7ed9\u4e88\u66f2\u9a6c\u591a\u3001\u9541\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u53f3\u7f8e\u6258\u54aa\u5b9a\u7b49\u836f\u7269\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u30028\u7279\u6b8a\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n \u7279\u6b8a\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u76d1\u6d4b\u90e8\u4f4d\u3001\u4f53\u6e29\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u6cbb\u7597\u53ca\u60a3\u8005\u83b7\u76ca\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n 8.1 \u513f\u7ae5 <\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c111\uff1a<\/p>\n \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u5e94\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u6d4b\u60a3\u513f\u4f53\u6e29\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u65b0\u751f\u513f\u6d4b\u91cf\u90e8\u4f4d\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u80cc\u90e8\uff1b\u9002\u5f53\u63d0\u9ad8\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08\u226523 \u2103\uff09\uff1b\u5bf9\u66b4\u9732\u4f53\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u8986\u76d6\uff08\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u4fdd\u6e29\u6bef\uff09\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6577\u6599\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u4fdd\u6e29\u7bb1\u8f6c\u8fd0\uff1b\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5408\u4fdd\u6e29\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n \u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a97.1%\uff0834\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 8.2 \u5b55\u4ea7\u5987<\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c112\uff1a\u82e5\u5256\u5bab\u4ea7\u65f6\u611f\u89c9\u963b\u6ede\u8fbe\u5230T4<\/sub>\u2014T6<\/sub>\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5bd2\u6218\u9608\u503c\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e0.6 \u2103\uff0c\u6545\u5bd2\u6218\u5728\u5256\u5bab\u4ea7\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u4e3a36%\uff5e71%\u3002\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u590d\u5408\u4f53\u6e29\u4fdd\u62a4\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u5b55\u4ea7\u5987\u5bd2\u6218\u53d1\u751f\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u70ed\u91cf\u4e22\u5931[53-54]<\/sup>\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a97.1%\uff0834\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 8.3 \u521b\u4f24 <\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c113\uff1a\u672f\u524d\u63a8\u8350\u6d4b\u91cf\u9f13\u819c\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u6c14\u9053\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9996\u9009\u98df\u7ba1\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u521b\u4f24\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u5f3a\u8c03\u9884\u9632\u4e3a\u5148\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5145\u5206\u9694\u7edd\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4f20\u5bfc\u6027\u70ed\u91cf\u635f\u5931\u3002\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u5e94\u79ef\u6781\u884c\u590d\u5408\u4fdd\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u4f53\u6e29\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a100%\uff0835\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 8.4 \u809d\u79fb\u690d <\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c114\uff1a\u809d\u79fb\u690d\u60a3\u8005\u672f\u4e2d\u4f53\u6e29\u53d8\u5316\u5448\u73b0\u201cV\u201d\u5f62\uff0c\u95e8\u9759\u8109\u5f00\u653e\u540e\u4f53\u6e29\u6700\u4f4e[55]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f9b\u809d\u7f6e\u5165\u8179\u8154\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u4f53\u6e29\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9664\u5e38\u89c4\u4fdd\u6e29\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4f9b\u4f53\u7f6e\u5165\u8179\u8154\u65f6\u4e0e\u540e\u8179\u819c\u63a5\u89e6\u9762\u79ef\u53ca\u201c\u8109\u51b2\u5f0f\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u6216\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u809d\u79fb\u690d\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29[4]<\/sup>\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a94.3%\uff0833\/35\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n 8.5 \u8113\u6bd2\u75c7 <\/p>\n \u63a8\u8350\u610f\u89c115\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u75c7\u72b6\u7f13\u89e3\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u6cbb\u7597\u662f\u8113\u6bd2\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u9996\u9009[56]<\/sup>\u3002\u6295\u7968\u8d5e\u6210\u7387\uff1a94.3%\uff0833\/35\uff09\u30029\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/p>\n \u672c\u5171\u8bc6\u65e8\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u6807\u51c6\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u51cf\u5c11\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4e0d\u826f\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u60a3\u8005\u9884\u540e\u3002\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u624b\u672f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5ba2\u89c2\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u60a3\u8005\u7279\u70b9\u5404\u6709\u4fa7\u91cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u57fa\u7840\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u5b9e\u884c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4f53\u6e29\u76d1\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u63aa\u65bd\u52a0\u4ee5\u5171\u8bc6\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u4f9b\u4e34\u5e8a\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u5e94\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u5c42\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u6548\u76ca\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u534f\u4f5c\u5236\u8ba2\u624b\u672f\u60a3\u8005\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u3001\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u3001\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u56f4\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n \u5171\u8bc6\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ec4\u540d\u5355<\/p>\n \u7ec4\u957f<\/p>\n \u9ec4\u5b87\u5149\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6210\u5458\uff08\u6309\u59d3\u6c0f\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5e8f\uff09<\/p>\n \u67f4\u5c0f\u9752\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e00\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u9648\u9a8f\u840d\uff08\u6d59\u6c5f\u7701\u5b81\u6ce2\u5e02\u7b2c\u4e8c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u9648\u4e16\u5f6a\uff08\u5357\u660c\u5927\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u8fdf\u6c38\u826f\uff08\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u4e2d\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u90fd\u4e49\u65e5\uff08\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u987e\u5c0f\u840d\uff08\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u90ed\u66f2\u7ec3\uff08\u4e2d\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6e58\u96c5\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u5d47\u5bcc\u6d77\uff08\u82cf\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e00\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u674e\u6d2a\uff08\u9646\u519b\u519b\u533b\u5927\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u674e\u5929\u4f50\uff08\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u5317\u4eac\u4e16\u7eaa\u575b\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6797\u732e\u5fe0\uff08\u798f\u5efa\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e00\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u5218\u53cb\u5766\uff08\u5357\u65b9\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u6df1\u5733\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u9646\u667a\u6770\uff08\u6d77\u519b\u519b\u533b\u5927\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e09\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u8d3e\u73cd\uff08\u9752\u6d77\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u9a6c\u6b63\u826f\uff08\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6b27\u9633\u6587\uff08\u4e2d\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6e58\u96c5\u4e09\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u88f4\u4e3d\u575a\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u7530\u9996\u5143\uff08\u5c71\u897f\u7701\u80bf\u7624\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u738b\u5e9a\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u79ef\u6c34\u6f6d\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u738b\u56fd\u6797\uff08\u5929\u6d25\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u603b\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u738b\u665f\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u5b89\u8d1e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u738b\u5929\u9f99\uff08\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u5ba3\u6b66\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u590f\u4e2d\u5143\uff08\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u4eba\u6c11\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u5f90\u94ed\u519b\uff08\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u5317\u4eac\u5987\u4ea7\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u4e25\u654f\uff08\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6768\u5efa\u519b\uff08\u90d1\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u9644\u5c5e\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u59da\u5170\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6613\u6770\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u8d75\u56fd\u5e86\uff08\u5409\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u65e5\u8054\u8c0a\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u8d75\u5e73\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u76db\uff09<\/p>\n \u7ae0\u653e\u9999\uff08\u8d35\u5dde\u7701\u4eba\u6c11\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u5f20\u826f\u6210\uff08\u798f\u5efa\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u90d1\u6656\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u80bf\u7624\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u5de6\u660e\u7ae0\uff08\u5317\uff09<\/p>\n \u6267\u7b14\u4eba<\/p>\n \u987e\u5c0f\u840d\uff08\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u9f13\u697c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u6613\u6770\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u88f4\u4e3d\u575a\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u4f5c\u8005\u8d21\u732e\uff1a\u987e\u5c0f\u840d\u8d1f\u8d23\u67e5\u9605\u6587\u732e\uff1b\u987e\u5c0f\u840d\u3001\u6613\u6770\u3001\u88f4\u4e3d\u575a\u8d1f\u8d23\u64b0\u5199\u521d\u7a3f\uff1b\u9ec4\u5b87\u5149\u8d1f\u8d23\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u5584\u5e76\u5ba1\u6821\u5b9a\u7a3f\uff1b\u5176\u4f59\u6210\u5458\u53c2\u4e0e\u4fee\u8ba2\u3002<\/p>\n \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n \uff3b1\uff3dSessler DI. 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Transplantation, 2022, 106: 552-561.<\/p>\n \uff3b5\uff3d\u56fd\u5bb6\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3, \u4e2d\u534e\u533b\u5b66\u4f1a\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u5206\u4f1a. \u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u8bc6(2017)\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7, 2017, 8: 352-358.<\/p>\n \uff3b6\uff3d\u9648\u9896, \u738b\u83b9, \u5f20\u8d8a\u4f26, \u7b49. \u5168\u9ebb\u60a3\u8005\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u98ce\u9669\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u3001\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5, 2022, 44: 1028-1032.<\/p>\n \uff3b7\uff3d\u9648\u8000\u9f99, \u6768\u514b\u864e, \u738b\u5c0f\u94a6, \u7b49. \u4e2d\u56fd\u5236\u8ba2\/\u4fee\u8ba2\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u7597\u6307\u5357\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\uff082022\u7248\uff09\uff3bJ\uff3d. \u4e2d\u534e\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7, 2022, 102: 697-703.<\/p>\n \uff3b8\uff3dCollins S, Budds M, Raines C, et al. 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A randomized controlled trial\uff3bJ\uff3d. J Clin Anesth, 2020, 61: 109633.<\/p>\n \uff3b27\uff3dLee Y, Kim K. Optimal application of forced air warming to prevent peri-operative hypothermia during abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis\uff3bJ\uff3d. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18: 2517.<\/p>\n \uff3b28\uff3dRoxby D, Sobieraj-Teague M, von Wielligh J, et al. Warming blood prior to transfusion using latent heat\uff3bJ\uff3d. Emerg Med Australas, 2020, 32: 604-610.<\/p>\n \uff3b29\uff3dWittenborn J, Mathei D, van Waesberghe J, et al. The effect of warm and humidified gas insufflation in gynecolo-gical laparoscopy on maintenance of body temperature: a prospective randomized controlled multi-arm trial\uff3bJ\uff3d. Arch Gynecol Obstet, 2022, 306: 753-767.<\/p>\n \uff3b30\uff3dShaw CA, Steelman VM, DeBerg J, et al. 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Int J Nurs Pract, 2022. doi: 10.1111\/ijn.13100.<\/p>\n \uff3b49\uff3dVan Duren A. Perioperative prewarming: heat transfer and physiology\uff3bJ\uff3d. AORN J, 2022, 115: 407-422.<\/p>\n \uff3b50\uff3dConnelly L, Cramer E, DeMott Q, et al. The optimal time and method for surgical prewarming: a comprehen-sive review of the literature\uff3bJ\uff3d. J Perianesth Nurs, 2017, 32: 199-209.<\/p>\n \uff3b51\uff3dNi TT, Zhou ZF, He B, et al. Effects of combined warmed preoperative forced-air and warmed perioperative intravenous fluids on maternal temperature during cesarean section: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial\uff3bJ\uff3d. BMC Anesthesiol, 2020, 20: 48.<\/p>\n \uff3b52\uff3dLiu J, Wang Y, Ma W. Shivering prevention and treatment during cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia: a systematic review\uff3bJ\uff3d. Minerva Anestesiol, 2018, 84: 1393-1405.<\/p>\n \uff3b53\uff3dZhuo Q, Xu JB, Zhang J, et al. Effect of active and passive warming on preventing hypothermia and shivering during cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials\uff3bJ\uff3d. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2022, 22: 720.<\/p>\n \uff3b54\uff3dDendis M, Hooven K. Preventing hypothermia during cesarean birth: an integrative review\uff3bJ\uff3d. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs, 2020, 45: 102-108.<\/p>\n \uff3b55\uff3dSun Y, Jia LL, Yu WL, et al. The changes of intraoperative body temperature in adult liver transplantation: A retrospective study\uff3bJ\uff3d. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2018, 17: 496-501.<\/p>\n \uff3b56\uff3dPerlman R, Callum J, Laflamme C, et al. A recommended early goal-directed management guideline for the prevention of hypothermia-related transfusion, morbidity, and mortality in severely injured trauma patients\uff3bJ\uff3d. Crit Care, 2016, 20: 107.<\/p>\n \u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e34\u5e8a\u9ebb\u9189\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u3001 \u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u624b\u672f\u5ba4\u62a4\u7406ID:ORNURSES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u56f4\u672f\u671f\u60a3\u8005\u4f4e\u4f53\u6e29\u9632\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u8bc6(2023\u7248) \u56fd\u5bb6\u9ebb\u9189\u4e13\u4e1a\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3 \u901a\u4fe1\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb