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\u901a\u4fe1\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u82cf\u6653\u7ea2\uff0cEmail\uff1asuxh@ncstdlc.org\uff1b\u738b\u5343\u79cb\uff0cEmail\uff1awangqq@ncstdlc.org\uff1b\u5218\u5168\u5fe0\uff0cEmail\uff1aliuquanzhong@tmu.edu.cn<\/p>\n
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\u3010\u6458\u8981\u3011 \u751f\u6b96\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u53ef\u5f15\u8d77\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\u3001\u5bab\u9888\u708e\u548c\u76c6\u8154\u708e\u7b49\u6ccc\u5c3f\u751f\u6b96\u9053\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u65e9\u4ea7\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u57f9\u517b\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u8010\u836f\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e34\u5e8a\u6cbb\u7597\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u533b\u9662\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u75be\u75c5\u4e0e\u9884\u9632\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6027\u75c5\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u4e2d\u534e\u533b\u5b66\u4f1a\u76ae\u80a4\u6027\u75c5\u5b66\u5206\u4f1a\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5eb7\u590d\u533b\u5b66\u4f1a\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u5eb7\u590d\u4e13\u4e1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fd\u5185\u6709\u5173\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f9d\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u6700\u65b0\u751f\u6b96\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u8bca\u7597\u6307\u5357\u53ca\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u751f\u6b96\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u611f\u67d3\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u968f\u8bbf\u548c\u5224\u6108\u3001\u6027\u4f34\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9884\u9632\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5145\u5206\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6b64\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u56fd\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u751f\u6b96\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u8bca\u7597\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u3010\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3011 \u751f\u6b96\u5668\u652f\u539f\u4f53\uff1b\u611f\u67d3\uff1b\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u75be\u75c5\uff1b\u8bca\u65ad\uff1b\u6cbb\u7597\uff1b\u5171\u8bc6\u57fa\u91d1\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u6c5f\u82cf\u7701\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\uff08SBK2017040179\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u5de5\u7a0b\u9879\u76ee\uff08CIFMS-2016-I2M-3-021\u3001CIFMS-2021-I2M-1-001\uff09<\/p>\n
DOI\uff1a10.35541\/cjd.20230711<\/p>\n
Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium infection \uff082024\uff09<\/p>\n
Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; National Center for STD Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Venereology Group, Chinese Society of Dermatology; Chinese Association Rehabilitation of Dermatology <\/p>\n
Corresponding authors: Su Xiaohong, Email: suxh@ncstdlc.org; Wang Qianqiu, Email: wangqq@ncstdlc.org; Liu Quanzhong, Email: liuquanzhong @tmu.edu.cn<\/p>\n
\u3010Abstract\u3011 Mycoplasma genitalium can cause urogenital tract infections such as urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, which are associated with preterm birth. Due to difficulties in the culture of Mycoplasma genitalium, confirmation of its diagnosis relies on nucleic acid amplification testing. Increasing antibiotic resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium poses a great challenge for clinical treatment. To raise Chinese clinicians\u2032 understanding of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and improve its diagnosis and treatment, the Hospital of Dermatology of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the National Center for STD Control of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the Venereology Group of the Chinese Society of Dermatology, and the Chinese Association Rehabilitation of Dermatology organized relevant Chinese experts to formulate the consensus after thorough discussions on the etiology of, epidemiology of, clinical manifestations of, laboratory tests for, diagnosis and treatment of, follow-up and test of cure for, management of sexual partners for and prevention of Mycoplasma genitalium infection based on the latest international guidelines for the management of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and relevant research progress in China and other countries. \u3010Key words\u3011 Mycoplasma genitalium; Infection; Sexually transmitted diseases; Diagnosis; Therapy; Expert consensus<\/p>\n
Fund programs: Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China \uff08SBK2017040179\uff09; CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences \uff08CIFMS-2016-I2M-3-021, CIFMS-2021-I2M-1-001\uff09<\/p>\n
DOI: 10.35541\/cjd.20230711<\/p>\n
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15.22%\uff1b\u9ad8\u5371\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0cMSM\u4e3a9.70%\uff0c\u6697\u5a3c\u4e3a13.49%\uff0cHIV\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u4e3a20.46%[23]<\/sup>\u3002MG\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u5728\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff09\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\u4e3a1.07\/100\u4eba\u5e74[24]<\/sup>\u3002\u800c\u5728\u80af\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u9634\u9053\u708e\u7684\u6027\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\uff0cMG\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u9ad8\u8fbe33.4\/100\u4eba\u5e74[25]<\/sup>\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\u548c\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u4eba\u662fMG\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5bbf\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f20\u67d3\u6e90\u4e3aMG\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u3002\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6027\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u9634\u9053\u6027\u4ea4\u3001\u809b\u4ea4\u662f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53e3\u54bd\u90e8MG\u7684\u643a\u5e26\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u53e3\u4ea4\u5e76\u975e\u4e3b\u8981\u4f20\u64ad\u65b9\u5f0f[1\uff0c26]<\/sup>\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u9ad8\u5371\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u5982\u6709\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u3001\u65b0\u6027\u4f34\u3001\u65e0\u4fdd\u62a4\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u662fMG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20[27]<\/sup>\u3002MG\u53ef\u5408\u5e76\u611f\u67d3\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5982\u6dcb\u7403\u83cc\u548c\u6c99\u773c\u8863\u539f\u4f53[1\uff0c20-21]<\/sup>\u3002\u611f\u67d3MG\u540e\u673a\u4f53\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u4fdd\u62a4\u6027\u514d\u75ab\uff0c\u6cbb\u6108\u540e\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u518d\u611f\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n 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2\u4e2a\u6708\u6216\u66f4\u4e45[2]<\/sup>\u3002\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u51fa\u73b0\u6392\u5c3f\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u6392\u5c3f\u56f0\u96be\u6216\u5c3f\u9053\u5185\u4e0d\u9002\u3001\u523a\u75d2\u6216\u70e7\u707c\u611f\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f34\u6709\u6d46\u6db2\u6027\u6216\u9ecf\u6db2\u8113\u6027\u5c3f\u9053\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u30022. \u76f4\u80a0\u708e\uff1a5.2% ~ 17%\u6709\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u75c7\u72b6\u7684MSM\u53ef\u68c0\u51faMG\u611f\u67d3[28-30]<\/sup>\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u809b\u95e8\u523a\u75d2\u3001\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u91cc\u6025\u540e\u91cd\u3001\u6709\u9ecf\u6db2\u6216\u8840\u6027\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u4e0e\u5355\u72ec\u6c99\u773c\u8863\u539f\u4f53\u6216\u6dcb\u7403\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5355\u72ecMG\u611f\u67d3\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u4f53\u5f81\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u8f7b[30]<\/sup>\u30023. \u5176\u4ed6\uff1aMG\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u9644\u777e\u708e\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5355\u4fa7\u9644\u777e\u80bf\u5927\u3001\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u540c\u4fa7\u8179\u80a1\u6c9f\u548c\u4e0b\u8179\u90e8\u6709\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7275\u6d89\u75db\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\uff1b\u4f53\u68c0\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u4fa7\u9634\u56ca\u76ae\u80a4\u7ea2\u80bf\uff0c\u89e6\u8bca\u9634\u56ca\u76ae\u80a4\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u3001\u9644\u777e\u80bf\u5927\u4e14\u89e6\u75db\u660e\u663e\u3002\u6709\u6587\u732e\u62a5\u905340\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7537\u6027\u6025\u6027\u9644\u777e\u708e\u60a3\u8005\u5c3f\u6db2MG\u68c0\u6d4b\u9633\u6027\u7387\u8fbe8.9%[31]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u9644\u777e\u6db2\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230MG\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u636e\u3002MG\u4e0e\u6162\u6027\u524d\u5217\u817a\u708e\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4e0d\u80b2\u75c7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c1a\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u9700\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76[32-35]<\/sup>\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5973\u6027\u5973\u6027MG\u611f\u67d3\u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u8005\u53ef\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bab\u9888\u708e\u3001\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u5305\u62ecPID\uff08\u5b50\u5bab\u5185\u819c\u708e\u3001\u8f93\u5375\u7ba1\u708e\u3001\u8f93\u5375\u7ba1-\u5375\u5de2\u8113\u80bf\uff09\u3001\u8f93\u5375\u7ba1\u4e0d\u5b55\u3001\u4e0d\u826f\u598a\u5a20\u7ed3\u5c40\u7b49[1\uff0c3]<\/sup>\u30021. \u5bab\u9888\u708e\uff1a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u9634\u9053\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u589e\u591a\u3001\u6709\u5f02\u5473\uff0c\u4f53\u68c0\u53ef\u89c1\u5bab\u9888\u5145\u8840\u6c34\u80bf\uff0c\u5bab\u9888\u53e3\u6709\u9ecf\u6db2\u8113\u6027\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\uff0c\u6027\u63a5\u89e6\u6613\u51fa\u8840\uff0c\u5bab\u9888\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u6d82\u7247\u955c\u68c0\u591a\u5f62\u6838\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u591a\uff08\u2265 10 ~ \u2265 30\u4e2a\/\u6cb9\u955c\u89c6\u91ce\uff09[3]<\/sup>\u30022. \u5c3f\u9053\u708e\uff1aMG\u4e5f\u53ef\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5c3f\u75db\u3001\u5c3f\u9891\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c3f\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e00\u7bc7\u7eb3\u51655\u9879\u56de\u987e\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6709\u5c3f\u75db\u75c7\u72b6\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6ccc\u5c3f\u751f\u6b96\u9053\u6807\u672cMG\u7684\u68c0\u51fa\u7387\u4e3a5% ~ 22%[36]<\/sup>\u30023. PID\uff1a\u611f\u67d3MG\u7684\u5973\u6027\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d4.9%\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3aPID[37]<\/sup>\u3002MG\u6240\u81f4\u7684PID\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u6c99\u773c\u8863\u539f\u4f53\u611f\u67d3\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u51fa\u73b0\u8179\u75db\u3001\u6027\u4ea4\u75db\u3001\u7ecf\u671f\u95f4\u671f\u51fa\u8840\u548c\u5bab\u9888\/\u9644\u4ef6\u538b\u75db\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u4f46MG\u6240\u81f4\u7684PID\u60a3\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u6027\u4ea4\u540e\u51fa\u8840\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0b\u8179\u538b\u75db\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1[38]<\/sup>\u30024. \u5176\u4ed6\uff1aMG\u611f\u67d3\u4e0e\u65e9\u4ea7\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u672a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e0e\u6d41\u4ea7\u3001\u80ce\u819c\u65e9\u7834\u3001\u4f4e\u51fa\u751f\u4f53\u91cd\u3001\u56f4\u4ea7\u671f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027[39]\u3002<\/sup>\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u6d4bMG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u68c0\u67e5\u3002MG\u4f53\u5916\u57f9\u517b\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u8017\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e38\u89c4\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u6838\u9178\u6269\u589e\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff08NAAT\uff09\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u548c\u7279\u5f02\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524dMG\u611f\u67d3\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7A\uff0c\u5f3a\u63a8\u8350\uff09[8\uff0c40-42]<\/sup>\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2dMG\u7279\u5f02\u7684DNA\u6216RNA\u3002\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7efc\u5408\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u5357\u548c\u6587\u732e[8\uff0c41-42]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e34\u5e8a\u5f81\u8c61\u548c\u5371\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884cMG\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u2460\u6709\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\u3001\u9ecf\u6db2\u8113\u6027\u5bab\u9888\u708e\u3001\u6025\u6027\u76c6\u8154\u75db\/PID\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u4f53\u5f81\u8005\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff09\uff1b\u2461\u6709\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u75c7\u72b6\u8005\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fMSM\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff09\uff1b\u2462\u6025\u6027\u9644\u777e\u777e\u4e38\u708e\u8005\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7C\uff09\uff1b\u2463\u6709\u75c7\u72b6MG\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u7684\u8fd1\u671f\u6027\u4f34\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff09\uff1b\u2464\u7ec8\u6b62\u598a\u5a20\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u635f\u4f24\u5bab\u9888\u5c4f\u969c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7C\uff09\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u6807\u672c\u7537\u6027\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5c3f\u6db2\u6216\u5c3f\u9053\u62ed\u5b50\uff0c\u9996\u9009\u5c3f\u6db2\u6807\u672c[8\uff0c42]<\/sup>\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff09\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u7981\u5c3f2 h\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u9996\u6bb5\u5c3f\u662f\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u6807\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u654f\u611f\u602798% ~ 100%\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5c3f\u9053\u62ed\u5b50\u654f\u611f\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8[42-43]<\/sup>\u3002\u5973\u6027\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u9634\u9053\u62ed\u5b50\u3001\u5bab\u9888\u62ed\u5b50\u6216\u5c3f\u6db2\uff0c\u9996\u9009\u9634\u9053\u62ed\u5b50\u6807\u672c\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff09[8\uff0c42]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u4e3a\u5bab\u9888\u62ed\u5b50[42\uff0c44]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u9996\u6bb5\u5c3f\u6bd4\u9634\u9053\u6216\u5bab\u9888\u62ed\u5b50\u654f\u611f\u6027\u4f4e\u3002MSM\u6216\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u76f4\u80a0\u62ed\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u56fd\u5185\u6682\u65e0\u652f\u6301\u76f4\u80a0\u62ed\u5b50\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\u76d2\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd51. MG\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u6279\u51c6\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684MG\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5242\u76d2\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ecRNA\u6052\u6e29\u6269\u589e\u3001PCR-\u8367\u5149\u6cd5\u6216PCR-\u8367\u5149\u63a2\u9488\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bd5\u5242\u76d2\u9002\u7528\u6807\u672c\u53ef\u4e3a\u7537\u5973\u6027\u5c3f\u6db2\u3001\u7537\u6027\u5c3f\u9053\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u3001\u5973\u6027\u9634\u9053\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u548c\u5bab\u9888\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u30022. MG\u8010\u836f\u6027\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u8010\u836f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ca\u76d1\u6d4b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533aMG\u7684\u8010\u836f\u7387\u53ca\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6307\u5bfc\u4e34\u5e8a\u6cbb\u7597\u3002MG\u57f9\u517b\u56f0\u96be\u4e14\u5468\u671f\u957f\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u836f\u654f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u96be\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c4\u5f00\u5c55\uff0cMG\u7684\u8010\u836f\u6027\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u8010\u836f\u76f8\u5173\u7a81\u53d8\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u7c7b\u8010\u836f\u76f8\u5173\u768423S rRNA \u2164\u533a\u7a81\u53d8\u4f4d\u70b9\u5305\u62ecA2058 \u548cA2059\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8[45]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e0e\u6c1f\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u8010\u836f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u5f02\u6784\u9176\u2163 ParC\u7a81\u53d8\u5305\u62ecS83R\u3001S83I\u7b49[46]<\/sup>\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u56fd\u5185\u5c1a\u65e0\u7ecf\u6279\u51c6\u7684MG\u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5242\u76d2\u3002\u4e94\u3001\u8bca\u65adMG\u611f\u67d3\u4e3b\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u53f2\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u548c\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bca\u65ad\u3002\u2460\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u53f2\uff1a\u6709\u975e\u5a5a\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u53f2\u3001\u591a\u6027\u4f34\u548c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u53f2\u6216\u6027\u4f34\u611f\u67d3\u53f2\u7b49\uff1b\u2461\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\u3001\u5bab\u9888\u708e\u3001PID\u3001\u76f4\u80a0\u708e\u6216\u9644\u777e\u708e\u7b49\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\uff1b\u2462\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5\uff1aMG\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u9633\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n \u5bf9\u6709\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u53f2\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0cMG\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u9633\u6027\u53ef\u786e\u8bca\u3002<\/p>\n \u516d\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548cMG\u8010\u836f\u73b0\u72b6\u76ee\u524d\u6cbb\u7597MG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u836f\u7269\u4e3a\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u7c7b\u548c\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u3002MG\u56e0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u6291\u5236\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u7c7b\u3001\u56db\u73af\u7d20\u7c7b\u6297\u83cc\u836f\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u6291\u5236DNA\u590d\u5236\u7684\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u6297\u83cc\u836f\u7269\u8f83\u654f\u611f[47]<\/sup>\u3002\u56db\u73af\u7d20\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u6709\u6548\u7387\u5341\u5206\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a30% ~ 40%[43]<\/sup>\u3002MG\u5bf9\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u548c\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u836f\u7269\u7684\u8010\u836f\u6027\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5448\u5347\u9ad8\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002Meta\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u8010\u836f\u7387\uff0823S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\uff09\u4e3a43.5%\uff08MSM\u4e2d\u4e3a70.9%\uff09\uff0c\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u8010\u836f\u7387\uff08parC\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\uff09\u4e3a18.6%[48]<\/sup>\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u5357\u4eac\u5c3f\u9053\u708e\u60a3\u8005\u4e2dMG\u768423S rRNA \u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\u9ad8\u8fbe88.9%\uff0cparC\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\u4e3a89.5%\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\u4e3a88%[19]<\/sup>\u3002\u5e7f\u5dde\u62a5\u905323S rRNA\u548cParC\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\u5206\u522b\u4e3a66.4%\u548c77.7%[49]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u7684MSM\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u7a81\u53d8\u7387\u5206\u522b\u9ad8\u8fbe83%\u548c79.8%[50]<\/sup>\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c23S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u2164\u533a\u7684\u70b9\u7a81\u53d8\u4e0e\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u836f\u7269\u4e34\u5e8a\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173[5\uff0c51]<\/sup>\u3002\u643a\u5e26\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u8010\u836f\u76f8\u5173parC S83I\u7a81\u53d8\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c58.7%\u53d1\u751f\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25[51-53]<\/sup>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728GyrA \u7a81\u53d8\uff08M95I\u6216D99N\uff09\u53ef\u589e\u52a0\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u7d2f\u52a0\u6548\u5e94\uff09[53]<\/sup>\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u8010\u836f\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d20\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684MG\u6cbb\u7597\u6307\u5357\u63a8\u8350\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u7ed9\u4e88\u8010\u836f\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\uff08resistance-guided therapy\uff0cRGT\uff09[8\uff0c40-42]<\/sup>\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u68481. \u65e0\u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53e3\u670d\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f400 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e51\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f3a\u63a8\u8350\uff09\u3002\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53e3\u670d\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f3a\u63a8\u8350\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u505a\u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ca\u5df2\u77e5\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u8010\u836f\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u53c2\u7167\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u8010\u836f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u7528\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20-\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f\u6216\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20-\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u5e8f\u8d2f\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20\u53ef\u964d\u4f4eMG\u7684\u83cc\u91cf[54]<\/sup>\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u589e\u52a0\u540e\u7eed\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\uff08MG\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u9634\u6027\uff09\u3002\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f\u548c\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u5f53[55-56]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709parC S83I\u7a81\u53d8\u7684MG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u4e8e\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f[53]<\/sup>\u3002\u6709\u6587\u732e\u62a5\u9053\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20\u8054\u5408\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u6210\u529f\u6cbb\u610811\u4f8b\uff08\u517112\u4f8b\uff09\u7ecf\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f\u3001\u666e\u90a3\u9709\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u96be\u6cbb\u6027MG\u611f\u67d3[57]\u3002<\/sup>\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u7684MG\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u8010\u836f\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u7684\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20-\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f\u5e8f\u8d2f\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u603b\u6709\u6548\u738783.8%\uff0c\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u6cbb\u6108\u738766.7%[58]<\/sup>\uff1b\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20-\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u5e8f\u8d2f\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u603b\u6709\u6548\u738794.1%\uff0c\u75c5\u539f\u5b66\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\u4e3a90.9%[54]<\/sup>\uff0c\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u5e7f\u5dde\u4e00\u9879\u56de\u987e\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b55\u75c7\u548c\u6027\u75c5\u95e8\u8bcaMG\u611f\u67d3\u8005\uff0883%\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\uff09\u6cbb\u7597\u603b\u5931\u8d25\u738728.29%\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u738727.9%\uff0c\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d2044%\uff0c\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f50%[59]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c1a\u65e0\u7814\u7a76\u6bd4\u8f83\u5355\u7528\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u4e0e\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20\u5e8f\u8d2f\u55b9\u8bfa\u916e\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u4e24\u79cd\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ebf\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u5355\u836f\u6cbb\u7597MSM\u4e2d\u6ccc\u5c3f\u751f\u6b96\u9053\u6216\u76f4\u80a0MG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u7387\u5206\u522b\u4e3a92.1%\u548c86.8%\uff0cparC\u548cgyrA\u57fa\u56e0\u5747\u4e3a\u91ce\u751f\u578bMG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u7387100%\uff0cparC\u57fa\u56e0G248T\uff08S83I\uff09\u7a81\u53d8\u548cgyrA\u91ce\u751f\u578bMG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u738792.9%\uff0c\u5bf9parC G248T\uff08S83I\uff09\u548cgyrA\u5747\u7a81\u53d8\u7684MG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6cbb\u6108\u738741.7%[60]<\/sup>\u30022. \u8010\u836f\u68c0\u6d4b\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u654f\u611f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\uff1a\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u9996\u65e5\u5355\u6b21\u53e3\u670d\u963f\u5947\u9709\u7d201 g\uff0c\u7b2c2 ~ 4\u5929\u6bcf\u65e51\u6b21\u53e3\u670d500 mg\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f3a\u63a8\u8350\uff09\u3002\u5927\u73af\u5185\u916f\u8010\u836f\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\uff1a\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff1b\u968f\u540e\u53e3\u670d\u83ab\u897f\u6c99\u661f400 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e51\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 d\uff0c\u6216\u897f\u4ed6\u6c99\u661f100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u51717 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\u4e00\u7ebf\u63a8\u8350\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u7684\u836f\u7269\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u4e0b\u8ff0\u836f\u7269\u5bf9MG\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u7597\u6548\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6570\u636e\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ebf\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7981\u5fcc\u8bc1\u65f6\u5145\u5206\u6743\u8861\u98ce\u9669\u53d7\u76ca\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f31\u63a8\u8350\uff09\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u53e3\u670d\u7c73\u8bfa\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u517114 d\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f3a\u63a8\u8350\uff09\uff1b\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u517114 d\uff08\u8bc1\u636e\u7b49\u7ea7B\uff0c\u5f31\u63a8\u8350\uff09\uff1b\u53e3\u670d\u666e\u90a3\u9709\u7d201 g\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e54\u6b21\uff0c\u517110 d\uff0c\u53ef\u8054\u5408\u53e3\u670d\u591a\u897f\u73af\u7d20100 mg\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e52\u6b21\uff0c\u517114 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\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u533b\u9662\uff09\u3001\u7a0b\u6d69\uff08\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u90b5\u9038\u592b\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u64b0\u5199\u79d8\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n \u674e\u8d5b\u3001\u90d1\u6653\u4e3d\u3001\u675c\u65b9\u667a\u3001\u5f20\u6829\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u533b\u9662\uff09<\/p>\n \u514d\u8d23\u58f0\u660e<\/p>\n 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