\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u708e\u201d\u6216\u201c\u54b3 \u55fd\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u54ee\u5598\u201d\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e2d\u533b\u7684\u201c\u54b3\u55fd\u201d\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u662f\u5c0f \u513f\u54ee\u5598\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u6162\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u4e3a\u4e3b \u8981\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u4f5c\u3001\u8fc1\u5ef6\u96be\u6108\u3001\u53ef\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a \u54ee\u5598\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u513f\u79d1\u5e38\u89c1\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u7edf\u8ba1\u54ee\u5598\u7684\u53d1 \u75c5\u7387\u4e3a0.9%\uff5e1.6%\uff0c\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u53ef\u8fbe5%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fc7 \u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u7ea6\u53601\/4\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u52a0\u91cd\uff0c \u672c\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u6709\u9010\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf[1]\u3002<\/p>\n
\u897f\u533b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6c14\u9053\u7684\u9ad8\u53cd\u5e94\u5bfc \u81f4\u7684\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u9ecf\u819c\u80a5\u539a\u3001\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u75c9\u631b\uff0c\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u6bdb\u7ec6\u8840 \u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\u3001\u901a\u900f\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u708e\u6027\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u589e\u591a\u3001\u9ecf\u7a20\uff0c \u4f7f\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u963b\u529b\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u54b3\u55fd[2]\u3002 \u867d\u65e0\u5598\u9e23\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u4f53\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u75c5\u7406\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5178\u578b\u54ee\u5598\u7c7b \u4f3c\u7684\u6c14\u9053\u91cd\u5851\u7b49\u6539\u53d8[3]\u3002\u5176\u75c7\u72b6\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u53d1\u4f5c\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c \u5e38\u5728\u591c\u95f4\u6216\u6e05\u6668\u53d1\u4f5c\uff0c\u75f0\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd0\u52a8\u540e\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u6301 \u7eed\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u65e0\u611f\u67d3\u5f81\u8c61\uff0c \u80ba\u90e8\u542c\u8bca\u53cc\u80ba\u547c\u5438\u97f3\u6e05\u6216\u7c97\u3001\u65e0\u5e72\u6e7f\u5570\u97f3\uff0c\u80f8\u7247\u663e \u793a\u65e0\u6591\u7247\u72b6\u9634\u5f71\u6216\u6709\u80ba\u7eb9\u7406\u589e\u7c97\uff0c\u8840\u5e38\u89c4\u793a\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u3001 \u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u9ad8\u6216\u55dc\u9178\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u504f\u9ad8[4]\u3002\u5982\u4e0d\u53ca \u65f6\u660e\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u60a3\u8005\u6570\u6708\u6216\u6570\u5e74\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u5178\u578b\u54ee\u5598[5]\u3002\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u957f \u6548\u03b22\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u6cbb\u7597\u54b3\u55fd\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u54ee\u5598\u7684\u6025\u6027\u671f\uff0c\u800c \u767d\u4e09\u70ef\u53d7\u4f53\u62ee\u6297\u5242\u4e0e\u5438\u5165\u6027\u76ae\u8d28\u7c7b\u56fa\u9187\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4e9a \u6025\u6027\u671f\u6216\u6162\u6027\u671f\u7684\u6cbb\u7597[6]\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u836f\u591a\u4e3a\u5bf9\u75c7 \u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u533b\u5c06\u5176\u5f52\u4e3a\u201c\u54b3\u5598\u201d\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd \u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u3001\u75c5\u673a\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u5e76\u65e0\u7edf\u4e00\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6587\u732e\u5927 \u591a\u4ee5\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u533b\u5bf9\u672c\u75c5\u75c5\u56e0\u75c5\u673a\u7684\u5206 \u6790\u591a\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u5916\u611f\u98ce\u5bd2\u3001\u5185\u4f24\u751f\u51b7\u3001\u98ce\u75f0\u4ea4\u7ed3\u3001\u6c14\u6ede \u8840\u7600\u3001\u75f0\u996e\u4f0f\u80ba\u3001\u80ba\u6c14\u95ed\u963b\u3001\u813e\u80be\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u80ba\u813e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001 \u80be\u6c14\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49[7]\u3002\u5373\u4e2d\u533b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54b3\u55fd\u7684\u6839\u672c\u75c5\u7406\u539f\u56e0\u662f \u4ee5\u80ba\u3001\u809d\u3001\u813e\u3001\u80be\u4e3a\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u80ba\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6b21\u4e4b\uff1b \u98ce\u3001\u71e5\u3001\u75f0\u3001\u7600\u4e3a\u6807\uff0c\u672c\u865a\u6807\u5b9e\u800c\u81f4\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0d \u540c\u75c5\u56e0\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e2d\u533b\u6cbb\u7597\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e2d\u836f\u6cbb\u7597\u3001 \u7efc\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u897f\u533b\u7ed3\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bba\u6cbb\u3002\u672c\u6587 \u7efc\u8ff0\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e2d\u836f\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76 \u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u836f\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
1 \u4f9d\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u75c5\u56e0\u7684\u4e2d\u836f\u7ec4\u65b9<\/p>\n
1.1 \u4ece\u201c\u98ce\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5185\u7ecf\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u6545\u98ce\u8005\uff0c\u767e\u75c5\u4e4b\u957f\u4e5f\uff0c\u81f3\u5176\u53d8\u5316\uff0c \u4e43\u4e3a\u4ed6\u75c5\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u5e38\u65b9\uff0c\u7136\u81f4\u6709\u98ce\u6c14\u4e5f\u2026\u2026\u98ce\u8005\uff0c\u767e \u75c5\u4e4b\u59cb\u4e5f\u201d\u3002\u674e\u6653 [8]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u611f\u98ce\u90aa\uff0c\u56e0 \u80ba\u4e3a\u534e\u76d6\u4e4b\u810f\uff0c\u6781\u6613\u53d7\u98ce\u90aa\u4fb5\u88ad\uff0c\u4f7f\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u51fa \u73b0\u54b3\u55fd\u7b49\u75c7\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u97e9\u65b0\u6c11\u6559\u6388[9]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u672c\u75c5\u7531\u98ce\u90aa\u5f15\u52a8\u4f53\u5185\u75f0\u90aa\u800c \u53d1\u75c5\uff0c\u98ce\u90aa\u5916\u88ad\u4e0d\u89e3\uff0c\u5185\u4fb5\u4e8e\u80ba\uff0c\u5f15\u52a8\u75f0\u90aa\uff0c\u75f0\u963b \u6c14\u6ede\uff0c\u5347\u964d\u5931\u8c03\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u80ba\u5931\u5ba3\u8083\uff0c\u800c\u89c1\u54b3\u55fd\u4e0d\u6b62\u3002 \u97e9\u6559\u6388\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u795b\u98ce\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u6297\u654f\u8083\u80ba\u201d\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u62df \u201c\u6297\u654f\u8083\u80ba\u6c64\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\uff1a\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001 \u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u8749\u8863\u3001\u725b\u84a1\u5b50\u3001\u5f90\u957f\u537f\u3001\u6787\u6777\u53f6\u3001\u91d1\u6cb8\u8349\u3001 \u86a4\u4f11\u3001\u7099\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u74dc\u848c\u76ae\u3001\u94a9\u85e4\uff0c\u968f\u8bc1\u52a0\u51cf\uff0c \u4e34\u5e8a\u6548\u679c\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6881\u4e3d\u5a1c\u7b49[10]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u98ce\u90aa\u662f\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u5173 \u952e\uff0c\u98ce\u90aa\u4fb5\u88ad\uff0c\u80ba\u7ba1\u75c9\u6025\u662f\u201c\u98ce\u76db\u5219\u631b\u6025\u201d\u7684\u75c5\u7406 \u8868\u73b0\u3002\u98ce\u90aa\u72af\u80ba\uff0c\u80ba\u5931\u5ba3\u8083\uff0c\u6d25\u6db2\u505c\u805a\u4e3a\u75f0\uff0c\u75f0\u6c14 \u76f8\u640f\uff0c\u963b\u4e8e\u6c14\u9053\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6c14\u9053\u631b\u6025\uff0c\u80ba\u7ba1\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u5219\u54b3 \u55fd\u4f5c\u77e3\u3002\u6881\u4e3d\u5a1c\u4ee5\u795b\u98ce\u836f\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u836f\u5317\u6c99\u53c2\u3001 \u9632\u98ce\u3001\u8f9b\u5937\u3001\u7d2b\u8349\u3001\u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u94a9\u85e4\u3001\u751f\u7518\u8349\uff0c\u968f\u8bc1 \u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u7597\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5434\u8273\u660e[11]\u8ba4\u540c\u6c6a\u53d7\u4f20\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u98ce\u76db\u5219 \u75d2\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u98ce\u76db\u5219\u75c9\u631b\u201d\uff0c\u98ce\u75f0\u5185\u8574\u3001\u80ba\u5931\u5ba3\u8083\u662f\u672c\u75c5\u7684 \u75c5\u673a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5c0f\u513f\u80ba\u810f\u5a07\u5ae9\uff0c\u80be\u5e38\u865a\uff0c\u813e\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6c34 \u6db2\u4ee3\u8c22\u5931\u5e38\uff0c\u75f0\u996e\u5185\u4f0f\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5916\u98ce\u80f6\u7740\u800c\u8574\u4f0f\uff0c \u4fdf\u65f6\u800c\u53d1\u75c5\u3002\u53d1\u75c5\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5176\u91c7\u7528\u795b\u98ce\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u5ba3\u8083\u80ba \u6c14\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u65b9\u6cbb\u7597\u6b64\u75c5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u4e2d\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\u7099\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u674f \u4ec1\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001\u9ec4\u82a9\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u80c6\u5357\u661f\u3001\u5236\u50f5\u8695\u3001 \u91cd\u697c\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u8bc1\u52a0\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n
1.2 \u4ece\u201c\u75f0\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u300a\u6d3b\u5e7c\u5fc3\u4e66\u00b7\u54b3\u55fd\u300b\u4ea6\u4e91\u201c\u6709\u70ed\u751f\u98ce\uff0c\u6709\u98ce\u751f\u75f0\uff0c \u75f0\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u5faa\u65e5\u4e45\uff0c\u7ed3\u4e3a\u987d\u5757\uff0c\u5706\u5982\u8c46\u7c92\uff0c\u9042\u6210 \u75f0\u6bcd\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u6545\u75f0\u6bcd\u53d1\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u98ce\u968f\u4e4b\uff0c\u98ce\u75f0\u6e10\u7d27\uff0c\u6c14 \u4fc3\u800c\u5598\uff0c\u4e43\u6210\u75fc\u75be\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u5c0f\u6170[12]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54b3\u55fd\u8fc1\u5ef6\u65e5\u4e45\u3001\u80ba\u6c14\u5931\u4e8e\u6577\u5e03\u3001 \u805a\u6e7f\u6210\u75f0\u3001\u75f0\u6c14\u4ea4\u963b\u4e8e\u6c14\u9053\uff0c\u80ba\u7ba1\u72ed\u7a84\u800c\u53d1\u54b3\u5598\u3002 \u8fd0\u7528\u9ebb\u674f\u77f3\u7518\u6c64\u52a0\u5473\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u4e2d\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u874e\u3001 \u767d\u82a5\u5b50\u3001\u7c89\u7518\u8349\u3001\u51c0\u8749\u8863\u3001\u7ea2\u82b1\u3001\u7099\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u5149\u674f\u4ec1\u3001 \u7099\u82cf\u5b50\u3001\u5e7f\u5730\u9f99\u3001\u7092\u83b1\u83d4\u5b50\u3001\u7d2b\u4e39\u53c2\u3001\u751f\u77f3\u818f\u3002\u8be5 \u65b9\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u75c9\u631b\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u6c14\u9053\u901a\u7545\u3001 \u795b\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59da\u5efa\u534e[13]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u5e94\u4ece\u98ce\u4ece\u75f0\u8bba\u6cbb\uff0c\u75c5 \u673a\u4e3a\u98ce\u75f0\u963b\u80ba\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u5931\u5ba3\uff0c\u98ce\u52a8\u75f0\u963b\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u53cd\u590d\u53d1 \u4f5c\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u6cbb\u5f53\u795b\u98ce\u89e3\u75c9\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7528\u8708\u86a3\u3001 \u80c6\u661f\u3001\u7518\u8349\u7ec4\u6210\u75c9\u54b3\u6563\u3002\u7597\u6548\u5224\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u670d\u836f1\u5468 \u5185\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u6d88\u5931\u4e3a\u663e\u6548\uff1b\u670d\u836f1\u5468\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u6d88\u5931\u4e3a \u6709\u6548\uff1b\u670d\u836f2\u5468\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f13\u89e3\u4e3a\u65e0\u6548\u3002\u7ed3\u679c 30\u4f8b\u75c5\u4f8b\u4e2d\u663e\u654812\u4f8b\uff0840%\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u654816\u4f8b\uff0853%\uff09\uff0c \u65e0\u65482\u4f8b\uff087%\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
1.3 \u4ece\u201c\u71e5\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u300a\u666f\u5cb3\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u80ba\u82e6\u4e8e\u71e5\uff0c\u80ba\u71e5\u5219\u75d2\uff0c\u75d2\u5219 \u54b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u5df2\u4e5f\u201d\u3002\u80ba\u4e3a\u5a07\u810f\uff0c\u559c\u6da6\u800c\u6076\u71e5\uff0c\u71e5\u70ed\u4f24\u80ba\uff0c \u8f9b\u6563\u5316\u71e5\u4e4b\u54c1\u6613\u635f\u80ba\u9634\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u65e5\u4e45\u4e0d\u6108\uff0c\u8017\u6c14\u4f24\u9634 \u800c\u81f4\u5185\u71e5\u6108\u751a\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u4e45\u54b3\u96be\u6108\u3002\u201d[14]<\/p>\n
\u4efb\u519b\u82b3\u7b49[15]\u91c7\u7528\u6ecb\u9634\u6da6\u80ba\u7c7b\u4e2d\u836f\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u4e45 \u54b3\u75c7\uff0c\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e45\u54b3\u635f\u4f24\u80ba\u9634\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5c0f\u513f\u5185\u4f24\u54b3\u55fd\uff08\u80ba \u9634\u4e8f\u865a\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u75c5\u673a\u9009\u7528\u5317\u6c99\u53c2\u3001\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u5929\u51ac\u3001\u7389 \u7af9\u3001\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u4e4c\u6885\u3001\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u7099\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u5ddd\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u7518\u8349\u7ec4 \u6210\u7684\u6c99\u53c2\u9ea6\u51ac\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4f7f\u80ba\u91d1\u9634\u590d\uff0c\u865a\u706b\u6e05\u6d88\uff0c \u75f0\u5316\u70ed\u9000\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u5f97\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90ed\u58eb\u5168[16]\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u80ba\u559c\u6da6\u6076\u71e5\uff0c\u71e5\u90aa\u6700\u6613\u4f24\u80ba\uff0c \u80ba\u5931\u6fe1\u6da6\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0d\u5ba3\uff0c\u4e0a\u9006\u5219\u54b3\uff0c\u56e0\u71e5\u6613\u4f24\u6d25\uff0c\u6545 \u5e72\u54b3\u5c11\u75f0\u3002\u9009\u7528\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u6c64\uff1a\u6854\u6897\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u6cd5\u534a\u590f\u3001 \u9648\u76ae\u3001\u7099\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u7099\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u5ddd\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u7099\u8fdc\u5fd7\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001 \u7099\u7518\u8349\u3001\u8702\u871c\u968f\u8bc1\u52a0\u51cf\uff0c\u5c06\u5c0f\u513f\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd184\u4f8b \u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7ec4\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4124\u4f8b\u7528\u81ea\u62df\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u6c64\uff0c\u5bf9\u7167 \u7ec460\u4f8b\u7528\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u53ca\u6c28\u8336\u78b1\uff0c\u5e38\u89c4\u5242\u91cf\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c3\u5929\u4e3a 1\u4e2a\u7597\u7a0b\uff0c\u6cbb\u75972\u62163\u4e2a\u7597\u7a0b\u3002\u7597\u6548\u5224\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e34\u5e8a\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u663e\u6548\u3001\u8fdb\u6b65\u3001\u65e0\u65484\u7ea7\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\u603b \u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0894.35%\uff09\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0875.00%\uff09\uff0c\u4e34 \u5e8a\u75c7\u72b6\u6539\u5584\u4ea6\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
1.4 \u4ece\u201c\u80ba\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u987e\u7f8e\u7434\u7b49[17]\u81ea\u62df\u76ca\u80ba\u5e73\u5598\u6297\u654f\u65b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80ba\u4e3a\u5a07 \u810f\uff0c\u6613\u611f\u53d7\u5916\u90aa\uff0c\u90aa\u7559\u6ede\u4e8e\u80ba\u81f4\u80ba\u5931\u8083\u964d\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0d \u5229\uff0c\u4e0a\u9006\u800c\u54b3\uff1b\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0a\u4e0d\u79bb\u4e8e\u80ba\uff0c\u4e14\u5f53\u6ce8\u91cd\u56fa\u80be\u5065 \u813e\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u7531\u4e09\u62d7\u6c64\u3001\u674e\u4e1c\u57a3\u9ec4\u82aa\u6c64\u53ca\u81ea\u62df\u6297\u654f\u65b9\u7ec4 \u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u6709\u751f\u9ec4\u82aa\u3001\u5b69\u513f\u53c2\u3001\u7126\u767d\u672f\u3001\u767d\u679c\u3001 \u7099\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u4e4c\u6885\u3001\u9ec4\u82a9\u3001\u51cc\u9704\u82b1\u3001\u5f8b\u8349\u3001\u864e\u6756\u3001 \u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u7518\u8349\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u53ef\u76ca\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6297\u8fc7\u654f \u53ca\u4fc3\u8fdb\u673a\u4f53\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e54\u5b50\u5251[18]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c0f\u513f\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u521d\u3001\u4e2d\u671f\u662f\u7531\u4e8e \u98ce\u70ed\u88ad\u80ba\u3001\u80ba\u9634\u4e8f\u865a\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u6545\u81ea\u62df\u517b\u9634\u8131\u654f\u6c64\uff1a\u5143 \u53c2\u3001\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u751f\u5730\u3001\u5ddd\u8d1d\u3001\u5730\u9f99\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u5730\u80a4\u5b50\u3001\u6851 \u767d\u76ae\u3001\u7518\u8349\u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u7597\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a44\u6984\u6b62\u54b3\u9897\u7c92[19]\u6cbb\u7597\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u7597\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002\u5c06 240\u4f8b\u8be5\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u968f\u673a\u5206\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u5404120 \u4f8b\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\u4e88\u6a44\u6984\u6b62\u54b3\u9897\u7c92\uff1b\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e88\u6c28\u8336\u78b1\u3001\u5f3a \u5730\u677e\u3001\u5561\u90a3\u6839\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u57477\u5929\u4e3a1\u4e2a\u7597\u7a0b\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a \u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\u603b\u6709\u6548\u7387\u8fbe\u5230\u4e8695.83%\uff0c\u4f18\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u3002\u8be5\u65b9 \u7531\u6a44\u6984\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001\u5730\u9aa8\u76ae\u3001\u5c04\u5e72\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u7384\u53c2\u3001\u9ea6 \u51ac\u3001\u53f0\u4e4c\u3001\u74dc\u848c\u3001\u832f\u82d3\u7b49\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u9664\u76f4\u63a5\u6cbb\u80ba\u5916\u8fd8\u7167 \u987e\u4e86\u813e\u80be\u5148\u540e\u5929\u4e4b\u672c\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u80ba\u5931\u5ba3\u8083\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0a\u9006\u800c \u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9093\u7389\u8273[20]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80ba\u6c14\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u4e0a\u7126\u6d25\u6db2\u4e0d\u5e03\uff0c\u51dd\u805a \u4e3a\u75f0\uff0c\u5185\u4f0f\u4e8e\u8188\u4e0a\uff0c\u98ce\u75f0\u4ea4\u7ed3\uff0c\u6c14\u9053\u53d7\u963b\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0d \u5ba3\uff0c\u6545\u54b3\u55fd\u3002\u9009\u7528\u7389\u5c4f\u98ce\u6563\u5408\u6b62\u54b3\u6563\u52a0\u51cf\uff0c\u65b9\u836f\u7ec4 \u6210\u4e3a\uff1a\u9ec4\u82aa\u3001\u767d\u672f\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u9648\u76ae\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u767d\u524d\u3001\u7d2b \u83c0\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u8346\u82a5\u3001\u7518\u8349\uff0c\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7597\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
1.5 \u4ece\u201c\u809d\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u8096\u6339[21]\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u4e0e\u809d\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u809d\u4e3a\u98ce \u6728\u4e4b\u810f\uff0c\u6728\u6027\u5347\u53d1\uff0c\u98ce\u6027\u4e3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6545\u6613\u751f\u809d\u98ce\uff1b\u5c0f\u513f \u809d\u5e38\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u611f\u53d7\u98ce\u70ed\uff0c\u98ce\u6c14\u901a\u4e8e\u809d\uff0c\u5185\u5916\u76f8\u5f15\uff0c\u81f4 \u809d\u7ecf\u98ce\u70ed\u4e3a\u60a3\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u53ef\u89c1\u54b3\u55fd\u4f34\u6076\u98ce\u6216\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u6d41\u6d95\uff0c \u54bd\u75d2\uff0c\u5934\u660f\u75db\uff0c\u820c\u82d4\u8584\u767d\u6216\u8584\u9ec4\uff0c\u8109\u6d6e\uff1b\u65b9\u7528\u6851\u83ca \u996e\u52a0\u51cf\uff1a\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u83ca\u82b1\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u7099\u5e7f\u767e \u90e8\u3001\u80ba\u7ecf\u8349\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u7099\u767d\u524d\u6839\u3001\u9752\u9edb\u3001\u767d\u50f5\u8695\uff0c\u6cbb \u7597\u809d\u7ecf\u98ce\u70ed\u578b\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u7597\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9646\u6885[22]\u7b49\u4ee5\u56db\u9006\u6563\u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4ece\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u4f53\u6574\u4f53 \u9634\u9633\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4ee5\u809d\u6728\u53cd\u4fae\u80ba\u91d1\u4e3a\u81f4\u75c5\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u91cd\u5728\u5e73\u8861 \u810f\u8151\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u514b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u9634\u9633\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u3002 \u65b9\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\u67b3\u5b9e\u3001\u767d\u828d\u3001\u67f4\u80e1\u3001\u7099\u7518\u8349\u3001\u5c04\u5e72\u3001\u6787 \u6777\u53f6\u3001\u7af9\u8339\u3001\u50f5\u8695\u3001\u9752\u84bf\u3001\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u5ddd\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001 \u74dc\u848c\u76ae\uff0c\u8bf8\u836f\u5408\u7528\uff0c\u5171\u594f\u89e3\u90c1\u5e73\u809d\u3001\u900f\u70ed\u7184\u98ce\u3001\u5229 \u54bd\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5468\u6167\u5b81[23]\u63d0\u51fa\u8083\u80ba\u9547\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\u53ef\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u513f\u7ae5\u8fc7 \u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u4e00\u5927\u8981\u4e49\uff0c\u809d\u6c14\u4e0a\u9006\u4ea6\u4e3a\u513f\u7ae5\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd \u7684\u75c5\u673a\uff0c\u4e94\u884c\u751f\u514b\u4e58\u4fae\uff0c\u91d1\u865a\u5219\u6728\u4fae\uff0c\u5c0f\u513f\u751f\u7406\u7279 \u70b9\u5373\u6709\u80ba\u6c14\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u809d\u5e38\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u809d\u6c14\u53ef\u72af\u80ba\u81f4\u54b3\u55fd\u3002 \u5176\u7528\u8083\u80ba\u6e05\u809d\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b9\u836f\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\u7075\u78c1\u77f3\u3001\u767d\u828d\u3001 \u65cb\u590d\u82b1\u3001\u7d2b\u82cf\u5b50\u3001\u9ec4\u82a9\u3001\u6d59\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u6787\u6777\u53f6\u3001 \u7099\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u5730\u9f99\u3002<\/p>\n
1.6 \u4ece\u201c\u813e\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u738b\u4e3d\u6e05\u7b49[24]\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u75f0\u662f\u672c\u75c5\u91cd\u8981\u75c5\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b \u4e00\uff0c\u9075\u4ece\u300a\u533b\u5b97\u5fc5\u8bfb\u300b\u201c\u6cbb\u75f0\u4e0d\u7406\u813e\u80c3\u975e\u5176\u6cbb\u4e5f\u201d\u4e4b \u65e8\u610f\uff0c\u6cbb\u54b3\u5fc5\u987b\u6cbb\u75f0\uff0c\u6cbb\u75f0\u5fc5\u987b\u6cbb\u813e\u3002\u5176\u62df\u57f9\u571f\u751f \u91d1\u65b9\uff0c\u65b9\u4e2d\u9ec4\u82aa\u76ca\u6c14\u56fa\u8868\uff1b\u767d\u672f\u5065\u813e\uff1b\u9632\u98ce\u8d70\u8868\u800c \u795b\u98ce\u90aa\uff1b\u6cd5\u534a\u590f\u201c\u80fd\u6d88\u75f0\u6d8e\uff0c\u5f00\u80c3\u5065\u813e\uff0c\u6b62\u5455\u5410\uff0c \u53bb\u80f8\u4e2d\u75f0\u6ee1\uff0c\u4e0b\u80ba\u6c14\u201d\uff1b\u9648\u76ae\u71e5\u6e7f\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u7406\u80ba\u6c14\u90c1\u6ede\uff0c \u4f7f\u6c14\u987a\u800c\u75f0\u964d\uff0c\u6c14\u5316\u5219\u75f0\u4ea6\u5316\uff1b\u832f\u82d3\u5065\u813e\u6e17\u6e7f\uff0c\u4f7f \u6e7f\u65e0\u6240\u805a\u5219\u75f0\u65e0\u7531\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u517c\u987e\u6cbb\u672c\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff1b\u592a\u5b50\u53c2\u5065 \u813e\u8865\u6c14\uff0c\u751f\u6d25\uff1b\u751f\u7518\u8349\u548c\u4e2d\u8865\u571f\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u4f7f\u813e \u5065\u5219\u6e7f\u5316\u75f0\u6d88\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u548c\u8bf8\u836f\uff1b\u6bdb\u51ac\u9752\u6e05\u80ba\u6d3b\u8840\uff1b\u4eba \u53c2\u53f6\u76ca\u6c14\u5065\u813e\uff0c\u517b\u5fc3\u5b89\u795e\uff0c\u517c\u6e05\u70ed\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u3002\u5176\u80fd \u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u60a3\u513f\u80ba\u6c14\u865a\u3001\u813e\u6c14\u865a\u7684\u4e34\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u75c7\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u725f\u660e\u9e25[25]\u7528\u8865\u813e\u655b\u80ba\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u54b3\u55fd\u53d8\u5f02\u6027 \u54ee\u559840\u4f8b\uff0c\u7597\u6548\u663e\u8457\u3002\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c0f\u513f\u7a1a\u9634\u7a1a\u9633\u4e4b\u4f53\uff0c \u810f\u8151\u5a07\u5ae9\uff0c\u5f62\u6c14\u672a\u5145\uff0c\u5148\u5929\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u540e\u5929\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e45\u75c5 \u4f53\u865a\uff0c\u813e\u571f\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u80ba\u91d1\u4e0d\u56fa\uff0c\u590d\u56e0\u5916\u611f\u3001\u53d7\u51c9\u3001\u751f \u6d3b\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u5f02\u6c14\u3001\u5f02\u7269\u523a\u6fc0\u5f15\u52a8\u4f0f\u75f0\uff0c\u75f0\u6c14\u4ea4\u963b\uff0c\u6c14 \u673a\u4e0d\u7545\uff0c\u53d1\u4e3a\u672c\u75c5\u3002\u65b9\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\uff1a\u83b2\u7c73\u3001\u858f\u82e1\u4ec1\u3001 \u767d\u672f\u3001\u592a\u5b50\u53c2\u3001\u6241\u8c46\u3001\u6dee\u5c71\u836f\u3001\u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u82cf \u5b50\u3001\u7802\u4ec1\u3001\u9648\u76ae\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u8fdc\u5fd7\u3001\u7518\u8349\u7b49\u968f\u8bc1\u52a0\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n
1.7 \u4ece\u201c\u80be\u201d\u8bba\u6cbb<\/p>\n
\u7f57\u6d77\u4e3d[26]\u8ba4\u540c\u738b\u4e66\u81e3\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u672c\u75c5\u75c5\u56e0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684 \u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u4f53\u8d28\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6613 \u611f\u6027\uff0c\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u548c\u54ee\u5598\u60a3\u8005\u540c\u6837\u662f\u5185\u6709\u201c\u5bbf\u6839\u201d\u3002 \u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5bbf\u6839\u201d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u533b\u5b66\u7279\u6b8a\u7980\u8d4b\u4f53\u8d28\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u5148 \u5929\u80be\u7cbe\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8865\u76ca\u5148\u5929\u4e4b\u80be\u7cbe\uff0c\u4f7f\u201c\u6b63\u6c14\u5b58\u5185\uff0c \u90aa\u4e0d\u53ef\u5e72\u201d\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u591a\u56e0\u809d\u80be\u4e4b\u9634\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u865a\u9633\u4e4b\u6c14\u4e0a\u6d6e\uff0c \u865a\u98ce\u5185\u4f0f\u4e8e\u4f53\uff0c\u53c8\u611f\u5916\u90aa\uff0c\u5916\u90aa\u5f15\u52a8\u5185\u98ce\u800c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a \u987d\u56fa\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u65f6\u5f53\u6293\u4f4f\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u80be\u8bba\u6cbb\u3002\u65b9 \u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\uff1a\u4ed9\u8305\u3001\u6deb\u7f8a\u85ff\u3001\u50f5\u8695\u3001\u5730\u9f99\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u9ec4 \u82a9\u3001\u9ec4\u8fde\u3001\u534a\u590f\u3001\u5e72\u59dc\u3001\u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u9999\u9644\u3001\u74dc\u848c\u3001\u539a \u6734\u7b49\u968f\u8bc1\u52a0\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n
1.8 \u7efc\u5408\u6cbb\u7597<\/p>\n
\u9488\u7078\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u758f \u901a\u7ecf\u7edc\u3001\u8c03\u548c\u9634\u9633\u3001\u6276\u6b63\u795b\u90aa\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u7ecf\u65b9 \u201c\u5c04\u5e72\u9ebb\u9ec4\u6c64\u201d\u52a0\u51cf\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u7a74\u4f4d\u5916\u6577\u53ca\u9488\u7078\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u7597 \u6cd5[27]\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\u6548\u679c\u3002\u9996\u5148\u91c7\u7528\u7531\u5c04\u5e72\u3001\u7099\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001 \u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u9c7c\u8165\u8349\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u91d1\u94f6 \u82b1\u3001\u7099\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u677f\u5170\u6839\u3001\u5730\u9f99\u7b49\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u836f\u5185\u670d\uff0c\u4ee5 \u795b\u98ce\u5ba3\u80ba\uff0c\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff1b\u518d\u53d6\u767d\u82a5\u5b50\u3001\u7ec6\u8f9b\u3001\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001 \u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u6843\u4ec1\u7814\u672b\uff0c\u7528\u751f\u59dc\u6c41\u8c03\u540e\uff0c\u7761\u524d\u6577\u4e8e\u80ba\u8167\u7a74 \u4e0a\uff0c\u6b21\u6668\u53d6\u4e0b\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u836f\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2d\u836f\u8d34\u6577\u4e8e \u4f53\u8868\u7a74\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u673a\u4f53\u7684 \u6297\u75c5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4f7f\u4f53\u8868\u5c40\u90e8\u8840\u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb \u8840\u6db2\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u5438\u6536\u800c\u53d1\u6325\u660e\u663e\uff1b\u6700\u540e \u914d\u4ee5\u9488\u7078\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n
2 \u4e2d\u897f\u533b\u7ed3\u5408\u6cbb\u7597<\/p>\n
\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u6709\u533b\u5e08\u91c7\u7528\u4e2d\u897f\u533b\u7ed3\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u5598\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u916e\u66ff\u82ac\u8131\u654f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u517b\u9634\u795b\u98ce\u5ba3\u80ba\u65b9\uff1a\u6c99\u53c2\u3001 \u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u4e4c\u6885\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001\u7099\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u7099\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u7d2b\u8349\u3001 \u90c1\u91d1\u3001\u8749\u8715\uff0c\u4ece\u4e34\u5e8a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u80fd\u8fc5\u901f\u6539\u5584\u60a3 \u513f\u7684\u54b3\u55fd\u75c7\u72b6[28]\u3002\u5218\u771f\u7b49 [29]\u91c7\u7528\u5b9a\u5598\u6c64\u5408\u6b62\u55fd\u6563\u52a0 \u51cf\u914d\u5408\u7f8e\u666e\u6e05\u53ca\u987a\u5c14\u5b81\u6cbb\u7597\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u4e2d\u836f\u7ec4\u6210 \u4e3a\u7099\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u767d\u679c\u3001\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u6cd5\u534a\u590f\u3001\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001 \u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u8346\u82a5\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u767d\u524d\u3001\u7518\u8349\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u5730 \u9f99\u7b49\u3002\u5434\u6587\u5148[30]\u91c7\u7528\u6c28\u8336\u78b1\u53ca\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u5598\u53ca\u6297 \u8fc7\u654f\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u9ec4\u82aa\u3001\u767d\u828d\u3001\u767d\u672f\u3001\u5f53\u5f52\u3001\u50f5\u8695\u3001 \u5730\u9f99\u3001\u7099\u7518\u8349\u7b49\u4e2d\u836f\u714e\u5242\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u7597\u6548\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u5355\u7eaf \u5e94\u7528\u897f\u836f\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u5468\u5bb6\u4f1f\u7b49[31]\u7528\u916e\u66ff\u82ac\u3001\u5730\u585e\u7c73\u677e\u4e0e \u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u767d\u679c\u3001\u82cf\u5b50\u3001\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001\u751f\u77f3 \u818f\u3001\u9ec4\u82a9\u3001\u534a\u590f\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u767d\u85d3\u76ae\u3001\u7518\u8349\u7b49\u7ec4 \u6210\u7684\u5b9a\u5598\u6c64\u8054\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u8fc7\u654f\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u4e2d \u897f\u533b\u7ed3\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u663e\u8457\u9ad8\u4e8e\u53ea\u91c7\u7528\u897f\u836f\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
3 \u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n
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