\u59cb\u521b\u4eba\u5218\u8d64\u9009\u6559\u6388(1897-1979)<\/p>\n
\u5218\u8d64\u9009\u6559\u6388\u662f\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u540d\u8001\u4e2d\u533b\u3001\u5e7f\u5dde\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e2d\u533b\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u548c\u6e29\u75c5\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6<\/p>\n
1.\u6cbb\u7597\u54b3\u75f0\u5598\u5e38\u7528\u4e2d\u836f<\/p>\n
\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u832f\u82d3\u3001\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u5f53\u5f52\u3001<\/p>\n
\u534a\u590f\u3001\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u82cf\u5b50\u3001\u767d\u524d\u3001\u9e45\u7ba1\u77f3\u3001\u719f\u5730\u3001\u767d\u828d\u3001\u6787\u6777\u53f6\u3001<\/p>\n
\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u9648\u76ae\u3001\u515a\u53c2\u3001\u767d\u82a8\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u7d2b\u82cf\u53f6\u3001\u751f\u5730\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001<\/p>\n
\u767d\u672f\u3001\u6dee\u5c71\u3001\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u6d77\u86e4\u58f3\u3001\u74dc\u848c\u76ae\u3001\u9c7c\u8165\u8349\u3001\u9e7f\u8854\u8349\u3001\u8749\u8715\u3001\u767d\u50f5\u8695\u3001\u5730\u9f99\u3001\u8346\u82a5\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u7ea2\u82b1\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u8584\u8377<\/p>\n
2.\u5e38\u7528\u4e2d\u836f\u6309\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u7d2b\u82d1\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u767d\u524d\u3001\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u6787\u6777\u53f6\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u74dc\u848c\u76ae\u3001\u6851\u767d\u76ae\u3001\u8d1d\u6bcd\u4e3a\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e38\u7528\u758f\u98ce\u5ba3\u80ba\u3001\u6e05\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\u836f<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u98ce\u70ed\u90c1\u80ba\u6240\u81f4\u54b3\u55fd<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u534a\u590f\u3001\u832f\u82d3\u3001\u719f\u5730\u3001\u4e94\u5473\u5b50\u3001\u9ebb\u9ec4\u3001\u9648\u76ae\u3001\u5f53\u5f52\u3001\u82cf\u5b50\u3001\u9e45\u7ba1\u77f3\u3001\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u6d77\u86e4\u58f3<\/p>\n
\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c61\u6cbb\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u6162\u6027\u54b3\u5598\uff0c\u4ee5\u5065\u813e\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u6e29\u80be\u7eb3\u6c14\u4e3a\u4e3b<\/p>\n
\u75c5\u65e5\u4e45\u6709\u75f0\u7600\u4e92\u7ed3\u4e4b\u52bf\uff0c\u5f53\u6cbb\u75f0\u5316\u7600\u4e4b\u836f\u540c\u7528\uff0c\u75f0\u4e3a\u9634\u90aa\u975e\u6e29\u4e0d\u5316\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u591a\u7528\u6e29\u836f\u3002\u53d6\u4ef2\u666f\u201c\u75c5\u75f0\u996e\u8005\u5f53\u4ee5\u6e29\u836f\u548c\u4e4b\u201d\u4e4b\u610f<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u832f\u82d3\u3001\u515a\u53c2\u3001\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u767d\u672f\u3001\u767d\u828d\u3001\u767d\u82a8\u3001\u751f\u5730\u3001\u6dee\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80ba\u75c5\u8fc1\u5ef6\u4e0d\u6108\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u4f5c\uff0c\u601d\u8651\u6c14\u9634\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u767d\u82a8\u82e6\u7518\u5e73\uff0c\u6709\u6536\u655b\u6b62\u8840\uff0c\u8865\u80ba\u751f\u808c\u6d88\u80bf\u4e4b\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u578b\u7ed3\u6838\u83cc\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u9769\u5170\u6c0f\u9633\u6027\u83cc\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6787\u6777\u53f6\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u7d2b\u82cf\u53f6\u3001\u74dc\u840e\u76ae\u3001\u9c7c\u8165\u8349<\/p>\n
\u5916\u90aa\u90c1\u80ba\uff0c\u4e45\u800c\u5316\u70ed\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5e7f\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u591a\u98ce\u70ed\u4e4b\u90aa\u3002\u54b3\u55fd\u591a\u4e3a\u5916\u90aa\u81f4\u80ba\u5931\u5ba3\u964d\uff0c\u964d\u6c14\u6b62\u54b3\u836f\u4e0e\u5ba3\u80ba\u836f\u540c\u7528\uff0c\u53d6\u5347\u6e05\u964d\u6d4a\u4e4b\u610f<\/p>\n
3.\u5cad\u5357\u5218\u6c0f\u5185\u79d1\u6d41\u6d3e\u559c\u7528\u5cad\u5357\u7279\u8272\u4e2d\u8349\u836f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u6307\u6bdb\u6843\uff1a\u5065\u813e\u8865\u80ba\u3001\u884c\u6c14\u5229\u6e7f\u3001\u8212\u7b4b\u6d3b\u7edc<\/p>\n
\u9e45\u7ba1\u77f3\uff08\u6d77\u4ea7\u8154\u80a0\u52a8\u7269\u6811\u73ca\u745a\u79d1\u7684\u680e\u73ca\u745a\uff09\uff1a\u7518\u54b8\u6e29\uff0c\u8865\u80ba\uff0c\u58ee\u9633\uff0c\u901a\u4e73<\/p>\n
\u5c97\u6885\u6839\uff1a\u82e6\u7518\u51c9\uff0c\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\uff0c\u751f\u6d25\u6b62\u6e34\uff0c\u6563\u7600<\/p>\n
\u5c97\u7a14\u6839\uff1a\u7518\u5e73\u5fae\u6da9\uff0c\u7406\u6c14\u6b62\u75db\u3001\u5229\u6e7f\u6b62\u6cfb\u3001\u6563\u7600\u6b62\u8840<\/p>\n
\u6c34\u7fc1\u82b1\uff1a\u6e05\u70ed\uff0c\u6e05\u6691\u89e3\u6bd2\uff0c\u795b\u98ce\u89e3\u8868\u6d88\u98df\u5229\u6e7f\u751f\u6d25<\/p>\n
\u54b8\u7af9\u8702\uff1a\u6e05\u70ed\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u5229\u54bd\u6b62\u75db\uff0c\u795b\u98ce\u5b9a\u60ca<\/p>\n
\u7d20\u99a8\u82b1\uff1a\u89e3\u5fc3\u6c14\u90c1\u75db<\/p>\n
\u7ea2\u4e1d\u7ebf\uff1a\u7518\u6de1\uff0c\u6027\u51c9\uff0c\u7597\u80ba\u70ed\u54b3\u55fd<\/p>\n
\u6bdb\u51ac\u9752\uff1a\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\uff0c\u6d3b\u8840\u901a\u7edc\uff0c\u4e3b\u98ce\u70ed\u611f\u5192\uff0c\u80ba\u70ed\u54b3\u5598\uff0c\u54bd\u75db\uff0c\u7259\u9f88\u80bf\u75db<\/p>\n
\u82e6\u4e01\u8336\uff1a\u7518\u82e6\u5bd2\uff0c\u758f\u98ce\u6e05\u70ed\u3001\u660e\u76ee\u751f\u6d25\u3001\u6d88\u98df\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u9664\u70e6\u6b62\u6e34<\/p>\n
\u5e03\u6e23\u53f6\uff1a\u6027\u5e73\uff0c\u80fd\u6d88\u6ede\u6e05\u70ed\uff0c\u9664\u9ec4\u75b8\uff0c\u53bb\u98df\u79ef<\/p>\n
\u4e1c\u98ce\u6854\uff1a\u8f9b\u82e6\u5fae\u6e29\uff0c\u795b\u98ce\u89e3\u8868\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u884c\u6c14\u6d3b\u8840\uff0c\u6b62\u75db\uff08\u6bd4\u6854\u6897\u884c\u6c14\u4e4b\u7528\u5f3a\uff09<\/p>\n
\u8292\u679c\u6838\uff1a\u7518\u9178\u82e6\u5e73\uff0c\u5065\u813e\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u3001\u5316\u75f0\u3001\u884c\u6c14\u6d88\u79ef<\/p>\n
\u6728\u68c9\u82b1\uff1a\u82e6\u5e73\uff0c\u6e05\u70ed\u3001\u5229\u6e7f\u3001\u89e3\u6bd2<\/p>\n
\u9ec4\u76ae\u6838\uff1a\u7406\u6c14\uff0c\u7597\u759d\u6c14<\/p>\n
\u9e2d\u820c\u8349\uff1a\u82e6\u51c9\uff0c\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u3001\u6d88\u75c8\u6392\u8113\u3001\u795b\u7600\u6b62\u75db<\/p>\n
\u98ce\u6817\u58f3\uff1a\u82e6\u5e73\uff0c\u89e3\u6bd2\u6d88\u80bf\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u53bb\u706b\uff0c\u7597\u4e45\u54b3<\/p>\n
\u91d1\u76cf\u94f6\u76d8\uff1a\u7518\u6de1\u5e73\uff0c\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u3001\u6563\u7600\u6d3b\u8840<\/p>\n
\u5d29\u5927\u7897\uff08\u79ef\u96ea\u8349\uff09\uff1a\u7518\u5bd2\uff0c\u6b62\u8840\u6b62\u75db\u3001\u6e05\u70ed\u5229\u6e7f\u3001\u6d88\u80bf\u89e3\u6bd2<\/p>\n
\u6cbb\u7597\u611f\u5192\u53d1\u70ed\u3001\u6d88\u5316\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u6c34\u7fc1\u82b1\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u6cbb\u6d41\u611f\u3001\u611f\u5192\u7684\u9ec4\u76ae\u53f6\u3001\u91d1\u76cf\u94f6\u76d8\u3001\u5d29\u5927\u7897\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u6cbb\u9ad8\u70ed\u3001\u4e45\u70ed\u4e0d\u9000\u7684\u4e09\u4e2b\u82e6\u3001\u82e6\u4e01\u8336\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u6cbb\u9f3b\u708e\u7684\u9e45\u4e0d\u98df\u8349\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u751f\u6d25\u6b62\u6e34\u7684\u5c97\u6885\u6839\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u7684\u4e1c\u98ce\u6854\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u6cbb\u5185\u4f24\u54b3\u8840\u7684\u7ea2\u4e1d\u7ebf<\/p>\n
\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u836f\u7269\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5cad\u5357\u8349\u836f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ec6\u81f4\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5982\u8292\u679c\u6838\uff0c\u4e94\u6307\u6bdb\u6843\uff0c\u9ec4\u76ae\u6838\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u5065\u813e\u5316\u79ef\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u6570\u5982\u4e1c\u98ce\u6854\uff0c\u98ce\u6817\u58f3\u7b49\u51fa\u4e86\u6e05\u70ed\u89e3\u6bd2\u8fd8\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u884c\u6c14\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u5cad\u5357\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e45\u54b3\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u75c5\u673a\u9664\u56e0\u6e7f\u70ed\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u7684\u813e\u865a\u6e7f\u56f0\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u6c14\u6ede\u6c14\u90c1\uff0c\u75f0\u7600\u4e92\u7ed3\uff0c\u751a\u8005\u6e7f\u91cd\u4e8e\u70ed\u800c\u53d1\u4e3a\u504f\u5bd2\u4e4b\u75c7\uff0c\u6545\u4e45\u54b3\u4e4b\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u6e05\u3001\u8865\u3001\u8fd0\u4e09\u6cd5\u7686\u5f53\u6709\u6240\u517c\u987e\uff0c\u4ece\u6c14\u81f3\u6709\u5f62\u4e4b\u79ef\u6ede\u5c42\u9762\u4ea6\u5f53\u6709\u6240\u987e\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5242\u53ca\u52a0\u51cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
1.\u8749\u7ea2\u516d\u5473\u6c64\uff1a\u8749\u8715\u3001\u7ea2\u82b1\u3001\u8346\u82a5\u3001\u9632\u98ce\u3001\u6854\u6897\u3001\u767d\u50f5\u8695\u3001\u8584\u8377\u3001\u751f\u7518\u8349\uff1b\u80fd\u758f\u98ce\u6b62\u54b3\u3001\u5229\u54bd\u6d88\u80bf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u98ce\u90aa\u6f5c\u4f0f\u3001\u90c1\u800c\u4e0d\u89e3\u4e4b\u54bd\u75d2\u54b3\u55fd(\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5589\u98ce\u54b3\u201d)<\/p>\n
\uff08\u5218\u8d64\u9009\u6559\u6388\u8fd0\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff09<\/p>\n
\u8868\u5bd2\u8005\u914c\u52a0\u7d2b\u82cf\u53f6<\/p>\n
\u80ba\u70ed\u54b3\u55fd\u8005\u52a0\u6728\u8774\u8776<\/p>\n
\u58f0\u5e26\u5c0f\u7ed3\u6216\u58f0\u5e26\u606f\u8089\uff0c\u58f0\u97f3\u5636\u54d1\uff0c\u4f34\u545b\u54b3\uff0c\u914c\u52a0\u4e4c\u6885\u7c89\u3001\u4e09\u4e03\u7c89<\/p>\n
\u517c\u5598\u8005\u5b9c\u5408\u4e09\u62d7\u6c64\uff0c\u52a0\u5730\u9f99\u5ba3\u80ba\u5e73\u5598<\/p>\n
\u4ea6\u53ef\u4e0e\u725b\u84a1\u5b50\u3001\u8fde\u7fd8\u3001\u674f\u4ec1\u3001\u82cf\u53f6\u3001\u6851\u53f6\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u3001\u5c04\u5e72\u914d\u4f0d\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n
2. \u4e8c\u866b\/\u4e09\u866b\u6b62\u55fd\u6563<\/p>\n
\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u4e8c\u866b\uff08\u8749\u8715\u3001\u767d\u50f5\u8695\uff09+\u6b62\u55fd\u6563<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u866b\uff08\u8749\u8715\u3001\u767d\u50f5\u8695\u3001\u5730\u9f99\uff09+\u6b62\u55fd\u6563<\/p>\n
\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u758f\u98ce\u5229\u54bd\u3001\u5ba3\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u6cbb\uff1a\u4e3b\u6cbb\u5589\u6e90\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u75c7\u89c1\u54bd\u75d2\u5373\u54b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u75d2\u4e0d\u54b3\uff0c\u5c11\u75f0\uff0c\u54af\u75f0\u4e0d\u723d\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u6570\u5468\u6570\u6708\u4e0d\u6108\uff0c\u6216\u54b3\u751a\u517c\u6709\u5598\u9e23\u3002\u4ee5\u54b3\u800c\u54bd\u75d2\uff0c\u54af\u75f0\u4e0d\u723d\uff0c\u6216\u5fae\u6709\u6076\u98ce\u53d1\u70ed\uff0c\u820c\u82d4\u8584\u767d\uff0c\u8109\u6d6e\u7f13\u4e3a\u8fa8\u8bc1\u8981\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u9e7f\u8854\u8349\u6c64\u6cbb\u4e45\u54b3\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u9e7f\u8854\u8349\uff0c\u53c8\u540d\u9e7f\u542b\u8349\u3001\u9e7f\u8e44\u8349\u3001\u5c0f\u79e6\u738b\u8349\u3001\u7834\u8840\u4e39\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6027\u6e29\uff0c\u5473\u5fae\u7518\u3001\u82e6\uff0c\u5f52\u80ba\u3001\u80c3\u3001\u809d\u3001\u80be\u7ecf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5cad\u5357\u5218\u6c0f\u6d41\u6d3e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9e7f\u8854\u8349\u529f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u795b\u98ce\u6e7f\u3001\u5f3a\u7b4b\u9aa8\u3001\u6b62\u75f9\u75db\uff1a\u6027\u6e29\u800c\u4e0d\u71e5\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u5e73\u548c\uff0c\u795b\u90aa\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u8865\u76ca\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u5584\u89e3\u4e0a\u80a2\u75f9\u75db\u53ca\u80f8\u80cc\u75bc\u75db\u3002<\/p>\n
2\uff09\u795b\u98ce\u6b62\u54b3\uff1a\u6cbb\u865a\u52b3\u4e45\u54b3\uff0c\u52b3\u4f24\u5410\u8840\uff1b\u5e38\u4ee5\u5176\u6cbb\u4e45\u54b3\u800c\u89c1\u80f8\u75db\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u4e09\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u8749\u7ea2\u516d\u5473\u6c64\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5589\u6e90\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u54bd\u75d2\u5373\u54b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u75d2\u4e0d\u54b3\uff0c\u65e0\u75f0\u54bd\u5e72\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u866b\u6b62\u55fd\u6563\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5589\u6e90\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u54b3\u800c\u54bd\u75d2\uff0c\u5c11\u75f0\uff0c\u54af\u75f0\u4e0d\u723d\uff0c\u6216\u54b3\u751a\u517c\u6709\u5598\u9e23\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9e7f\u8854\u8349\u6c64\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u865a\u52b3\u4e45\u54b3\uff0c\u767e\u65e5\u54b3\uff0c\u54b3\u55fd\u4e0d\u6b62\u800c\u89c1\u80f8\u75db\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\uff09<\/p>\n
\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u7c4d<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5218\u8d64\u9009\u533b\u6848\u533b\u8bdd\u300b<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5cad\u5357\u8349\u836f\u5fd7\u300b<\/p>\n
\u300a\u5cad\u5357\u4e2d\u8349\u836f\u64ae\u8981\u300b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u59cb\u521b\u4eba\u5218\u8d64\u9009\u6559\u6388(1897-1979) \u5218\u8d64\u9009\u6559\u6388\u662f\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u540d\u8001\u4e2d\u533b\u3001\u5e7f\u5dde\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5927 … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb