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disease\uff0cMMD\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u72ed\u7a84\u95ed\u585e\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u72ed\u7a84\u548c\u5728\u8111\u5e95\u90e8\u5f62\u6210\u5f02\u5e38\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u7a7f\u652f\u7f51\u72b6\u8840\u7ba1<sup>[1]<\/sup>\u3002\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f55\u89c1\u75be\u75c5\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u88ab\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u53ef\u30021969\u5e74Suzuki\u548cTakaku\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u201c\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd<sup>[2]<\/sup>\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u539a\u751f\u52b3\u52a8\u7701\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08RCMD\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e8e1978\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86MMD\u8bca\u65ad\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e865\u6b21\u4fee\u8ba2<sup>[3]<\/sup>\u30022021\u5e74\u7684\u6700\u65b0RCMD\u6307\u5357<sup>[3,4]<\/sup>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5173\u4e8eMMD\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53d7\u7d2f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cMMD\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u52a8\u8109\u72ed\u7a84\/\u95ed\u585e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9885\u5185\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u672b\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u72ed\u7a84\u95ed\u585e\u6027\u53d7\u7d2f\u3002\u8fd9\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u524d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u9700\u8981\u53cc\u4fa7\u7d2f\u53ca\u9885\u5185\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd1\u7aef\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u6216\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u53d7\u7d2f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bca\u65ad\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\uff0c\u5355\u4fa7\u8840\u7ba1\u7d2f\u53ca\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u8bca\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5355\u4fa7MMD\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e3a\u53cc\u4fa7\u53d7\u7d2f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u60a3\u8005\u7b26\u5408\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u5e76\u75c7\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u75c5\u75c7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff08moyamoya syndrome, MMS\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7c7b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5quasi-moyamoya\u201d\u3002\u4e0eMMS\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u75c7\u5217\u8868\u89c1\u88681\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684RCMD\u6307\u5357\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u52a8\u8109\u7ca5\u6837\u786c\u5316\u3001\u7532\u72b6\u817a\u529f\u80fd\u4ea2\u8fdb\u548c\u5934\u90e8\u5916\u4f24\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef<sup>[3-7]<\/sup>\u3002RCMD\u6307\u5357\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u9570\u72b6\u7ec6\u80de\u75c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9570\u72b6\u7ec6\u80de\u75c5\u548cMMS\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u88d4\u4eba\u53e3\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u65e9\u5df2\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230<sup>[8,9]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230MMD\u6216MMS\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u672f\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u88681\uff1a\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u76f8\u5173\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eMMD\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u6570\u636e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e9a\u6d32\uff0c\u8be5\u75be\u75c5\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u6700\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u4e3a0.35-0.94\/10\u4e07\u4eba\/\u5e74<sup>[10-12]<\/sup>\uff0c\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u4e3a3.16\/10\u4e07\u4eba<sup>[11]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u9879\u5927\u578bMMD\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e0e\u7537\u6027\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\u8fbe1.9:1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d11%-12%\u6709MMD\u5bb6\u65cf\u53f2<sup>[10\uff0c13]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u5206\u5e03\u5448\u53cc\u5cf0\uff08\u5cf0\u503c\u572810\u5c81\u5de6\u53f3\u548c40\u5c81\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7537\u6027\u53d1\u75c5\u9ad8\u5cf0\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a10-14\u5c81\uff0c\u800c\u5973\u6027\u53d1\u75c5\u9ad8\u5cf0\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a20-24\u5c81<sup>[10]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c2002\u5e74\u81f32008\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u6837\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u4e3a0.57\/10\u4e07\u4eba\/\u5e74\u3002\u8bca\u65ad\u65f6\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a32\u5c81\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e3a2.6:1\u3002\u79cd\u65cf\u5206\u5e03\u4e3a49%\u767d\u4eba\u300124%\u9ed1\u4eba\u548c11%\u4e9a\u88d4\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u88d4\u536011%<sup>[14]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u79cd\u65cf\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e9a\u6d32\u8840\u7edf\u7684\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u548c\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c<sup>[14-16]<\/sup>\u3002\u57282005\u5e74\u81f32008\u5e74\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u5168\u56fd\u4f4f\u9662\u60a3\u8005\u6837\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0cMMD\u8bca\u65ad\u5728\u767d\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1<sup>[17]<\/sup>\u30022008\u5e74\u81f32015\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6700\u8fd1\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0cMMD\u8bca\u65ad\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u5973\u6027\u300118\u81f344\u5c81\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\/\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5c9b\u6c11\u4e2d\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8<sup>[18]<\/sup>\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5747\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fd\u9645\u75be\u75c5\u5206\u7c7b\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u7f16\u7801\u5728\u533a\u5206MMD\u548cMMS\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u548c\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u533a\u5206\u5176\u5404\u81ea\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9057\u4f20\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u6613\u611f\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u897f\u65b9\u4e0e\u4e9a\u6d32\u4eba\u7fa4\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u8fbe12%\u7684\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u9633\u6027\u5bb6\u65cf\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u6027<sup>[10\uff0c12]<\/sup>\u3002\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u6709\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u75c5\u7406\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u6cbb\u7597\u9776\u70b9\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u73af\u6307\u86cb\u767d213\uff08RNF213\uff09\u662f\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u6613\u611f\u57fa\u56e0\uff0cRNF213 R4810K\uff08rs112735431\u5bfc\u81f4Arg4810Lys\uff09\u662f\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d77\u59cb\u578b\u53d8\u5f02\uff0c\u800c\u975eR4810K\u53d8\u5f02\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u975e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7fa4\u60a3\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u98ce\u9669<sup>[19]<\/sup>\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u56fe1\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u603b\u7ed3<sup>[20]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe1\uff1a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7fa4\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u84dd\u8272\uff09\u548c\u767d\u79cd\u4eba\u7fa4\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u7c89\u8272\uff09\u75c5\u4f8b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684RNF213\u86cb\u767d\u548cRNF213\u53d8\u5f02\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>RNF213\u5728\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u751f\u6210\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002RNF213\u7684\u751f\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u662fE3\u6cdb\u7d20\u8fde\u63a5\u9176\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7f3a\u9677\u6216\u4e9a\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u7684RNF213 p.R4810K\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u964d\u89e3NFAT1\u548cfilamin A\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e95\u7269<sup>[20,21]<\/sup>\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570RNF213\u7a81\u53d8\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9519\u4e49\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e8eC\u672b\u7aef\uff0c\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u7a81\u53d8\u5177\u6709\u663e\u6027\u8d1f\u6548\u5e94\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570RNF213\u7a81\u53d8\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65e0\u6548\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u529f\u80fd\u4e27\u5931\uff08\u65e0\u4e49\u6216\u79fb\u7801\u7a81\u53d8\uff09\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0cRNF213\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6297\u83cc\u86cb\u767d\u5728\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<sup>[22,23]<\/sup>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5982ACTA2\u548cGUCY1A3\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u7a81\u53d8<sup>[24-26]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9057\u4f20\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e38\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u663e\u6027\u9057\u4f20\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5916\u663e\u7387<sup>[27]<\/sup>\u3002RNF213 R4810K\u6742\u5408\u7a81\u53d8\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u5916\u663e\u7387\u4f4e\u81f31\/150\uff080.67%\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7eaf\u5408\u7a81\u53d8\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u5916\u663e\u7387\u5927\u4e8e78%<sup>[21,28]<\/sup>\u3002\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u7cfb\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u6bcd\u7cfb\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u60a3\u75c5\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5f80\u5f80\u751f\u80b2\u5973\u6027\u540e\u4ee3\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u6bcd\u7cfb\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u8868\u89c2\u9057\u4f20\u4fee\u9970\uff08\u5982\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5370\u8ff9\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u97e9\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u7ea7\u4eb2\u5c5e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u5728\u53cc\u80de\u80ce\u60a3\u75c5\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e2d\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\uff0c\u518d\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u662f\u7236\u4eb2<sup>[29]<\/sup>\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u767d\u79cd\u4eba\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb6\u65cf\u6027\u662f\u7f55\u89c1\u7684<sup>[16]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u56e0\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u9ad8\u5371\u4eba\u7fa4<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u53d7\u75be\u75c5\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9610\u660e\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bfc\u81f4\u9885\u5185\u8840\u7ba1\u72ed\u7a84\u95ed\u585e\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u5982\u52a8\u8109\u5939\u5c42\u6216\u52a8\u8109\u7ca5\u6837\u786c\u5316\uff09\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u975e\u4e9a\u6d32\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u4ecd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5916\u663e\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u68c0\u6d4b\u67d0\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u57fa\u56e0\u5448\u9633\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5bb6\u65cf\u6027\u75c5\u4f8b\u4e2d\u672a\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u9650\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u975eR4810k\u7a81\u53d8\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u548c\u6709\u5168\u8eab\u75be\u75c5\u8868\u73b0\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5931\u5f1b\u7f13\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u8fdb\u884cGUCY1A3\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u5510\u6c0f\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6709\u52aa\u5357\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u6837\u75c7\u72b6\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884cPTPN11\u548cCBL\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u6709I\u578b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7624\u75c5\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u8fdb\u884cNF-1\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u9057\u4f20\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u9057\u4f20\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u548c\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u636e\u62a5\u9053\u5728\u56e0\u8111\u80bf\u7624\u800c\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u9885\u8111\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u57282%\u81f34.3%\u4e4b\u95f4<sup>[30]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u6709I\u578b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7624\u75c5\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u80f6\u8d28\u7624\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u8981\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u9ad8\u8fbe60%\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u75ab\u6027\u75be\u75c5<sup>[5,6]<\/sup>\u3002\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u9057\u4f20\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5982\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u94a9\u7aef\u87ba\u65cb\u4f53\u75c5\u548cHIV\u7684\u62a5\u9053<sup>[31,32]<\/sup>\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cRNF213\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6297\u83cc\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5728\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<sup>[22\uff0c23]<\/sup>\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u514d\u75ab\u76f8\u5173\u53cd\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e8c\u6b21\u6253\u51fb\u89e6\u53d1\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u7fa4\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4eb2\u5c5e\u60a3\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>RNF213\u662f\u4e1c\u4e9a\u548c\u975e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7684\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u6613\u611f\u57fa\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u5916\u663e\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\uff08\u4e1c\u4e9a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7fa4\uff09\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u5728\u8bca\u65ad\u548c\u9057\u4f20\u54a8\u8be2\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>\u9057\u4f20\u548c\u975e\u9057\u4f20\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u90fd\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u75ab\u3001\u653e\u5c04\u635f\u4f24\u548c\u611f\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u548c\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u53ef\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u4e34\u5e8a\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u5982\u88682\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u548c\u201c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u548c\u51fa\u8840\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u73b0\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u76f8\u5173\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u5352\u4e2d\u548c\u51fa\u8840\u6027\u5352\u4e2d<sup>[33]<\/sup>\u3002\u7f3a\u8840\u901a\u5e38\u7d2f\u53ca\u524d\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7d2f\u53ca\u8fb9\u7f18\u533a\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\u4f4e\u704c\u6ce8\u3001\u8840\u6813\u6813\u585e\u548c\u8054\u5408\u673a\u5236\u3002\u51fa\u8840\u6700\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u9885\u5185\u578b\u6216\u8111\u5ba4\u5185\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u5047\u6027\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u6709\u5173<sup>[34]<\/sup>\u3002\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u53d1Willis\u73af\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u7834\u88c2\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u60a3\u8005\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u86db\u7f51\u819c\u4e0b\u8154\u51fa\u8840<sup>[35,36]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7ecf\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5352\u4e2d\u75c5\u53f2\u7684\u60a3\u8005<sup>[37]<\/sup>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5934\u75db\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u504f\u5934\u75db\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u75c7\u72b6\u53ef\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e9a\u578b\u7684\u5934\u75db<sup>[38]<\/sup>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53ef\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5982\u5148\u5929\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u75ab\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7<sup>[39]<\/sup>\u3002\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u75be\u75c5\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u590d\u6742\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u88682\uff1a\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u548c\u70df\u96fe\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>MMD\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u9664\u8bca\u65ad\uff0c\u5e94\u6392\u9664MMS\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u8bca\u65ad\u4e3aMMD\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u7136\u53f2<\/p>\n<p>\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u4e3b\u8981\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u56de\u987e\u6027\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u590d\u53d1\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\uff0c5\u5e74\u5185\u590d\u53d1\u8111\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u98ce\u9669\u5728\u5355\u4fa7\u60a3\u8005\u9ad8\u81f365%\uff0c\u53cc\u4fa7\u60a3\u8005\u9ad8\u8fbe82%<sup>[50]<\/sup>\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u957f\u671f\u7684\u968f\u8bbf\u4e2d\u590d\u53d1\u51fa\u8840\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u8fbe\u523030~60%<sup>[51-53]<\/sup>\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u4e8e206\u540d\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u51fa\u8840\u7ec4\u76845\u5e74\u4e0e10\u5e74\u8111\u5352\u4e2d\u98ce\u9669\u8fbe\u523015%\u548c40%\uff0c\u7f3a\u8840\u7ec4\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u522b\u4e3a17%\u548c33%<sup>[54]<\/sup>\u3002\u75be\u75c5\u4ece\u5355\u4fa7\u5230\u53cc\u4fa7\u4e0e\u524d\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u5747\u7d2f\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u572820%\u7684\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u4e0e\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u6210\u4eba\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u8d85\u8fc750%\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7f3a\u8840\u6216\u51fa\u8840\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u6709\u5173<sup>[55]<\/sup>\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u7d2f\u53ca\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7740\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u75c7\u72b6\u8868\u73b0<sup>[56]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u518d\u51fa\u8840\u9884\u6d4b\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u51fa\u8840\u5173\u7cfb\u66f4\u5bc6\u5207<sup>[57\uff0c58]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u968f\u8bbf\u65f6\u957f6\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u60a3\u8005\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5e74\u98ce\u9669\u7387\u57285%\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u75be\u75c5\u8fdb\u5c55\u671f\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u98ce\u9669\u4e3a20%<sup>[44]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u60a3\u8005\u8fde\u7eed\u968f\u8bbf\u4e0e\u6700\u4f18\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u9274\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u65e9\u671f\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4ecd\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u5e76\u4ecd\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u4e2d<sup>[44]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3b\u8981\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u56de\u987e\u6027\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>\u4f34\u6709\u540e\u5faa\u73af\u7d2f\u53ca\u8840\u7ba1\u9020\u5f71\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u7740\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u518d\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>A\uff0c\u2160\u671f\uff0c\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5e8a\u7a81\u4e0a\u6bb5\u72ed\u7a84\u3002B\uff0c\u2161\u671f\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff08\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u72ed\u7a84\u52a0\u91cd\uff0c\u9885\u5185\u5176\u4ed6\u8840\u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u6837\u8840\u7ba1\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\uff09\u3002C\uff0c\u2162\u671f\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u6837\u8840\u7ba1\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u8840\u6d41\u51cf\u6162\u3002D\uff0c\u2163\u671f\uff0c\u70df\u96fe\u6837\u8840\u7ba1\u5f00\u59cb\u51cf\u5c11\uff08\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\u51cf\u5c11\uff09\u3002E\uff0c\u2164\u671f\u3002\u70df\u96fe\u6837\u8840\u7ba1\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\uff08\u6765\u81ea\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u8109\u663e\u5f71\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u548c\u6765\u81ea\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fa7\u652f\u901a\u8def\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff09\u3002F\uff0c\u2165\u671f\u3002\u70df\u96fe\u8840\u7ba1\u6d88\u5931\uff08\u4f34\u968f\u8111\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u690e\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe2 Suzuki\u6570\u5b57\u51cf\u5f71\u8840\u7ba1\u9020\u5f71\u5206\u671f\u3002\u524d-\u540e\u4e0e\u5916\u4fa7\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65e8\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u7f3a\u8840\u4e0e\u51fa\u8840\u8111\u5352\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u98ce\u9669<sup>[33]<\/sup>\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u90e8\u5206\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u4e8e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u51fa\u8840\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u60a3\u8005<sup>[51]<\/sup>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f3a\u8840\u578b\u7684\u9884\u9632\u6027\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u636e<sup>[59]<\/sup>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u75c5\u4f8b\u6709\u7740\u8840\u6813\u6813\u585e\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u6297\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6297\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\u836f\u7269\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5176\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\u9884\u9632\u4f4e\u704c\u6ce8\u76f8\u5173\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\u6297\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u836f\u7269\u5904\u65b9\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bd4\u4e9a\u6d32\u4f7f\u7528\u5f97\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u51fa\u8840\u578b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e5f\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1<sup>[60-65]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8282\u4e0e\u88684\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u88684 \u7f3a\u8840\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\u6297\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6eb6\u6813\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>AHA\/ASA\u8868\u793a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u810f\u534f\u4f1a\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u5352\u4e2d\u534f\u4f1a\uff1bPET\uff0c\u6b63\u7535\u5b50\u53d1\u5c04\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f3a\u8840\u578b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u6297\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u975e\u968f\u673a\u6027\u7f3a\u8840\u578b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u677f\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff08\u4e0e\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u677f\u836f\u7269\u6216\u4e0e\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6297\u677f\u836f\u7269\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5347\u9ad8<sup>[66-74]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u53f8\u5339\u6797\uff08\u4e0e\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u53f8\u5339\u6797\u6bd4\u8f83\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u642d\u6865\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u901a\u7545<sup>[75\uff0c76]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f34\u6709\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7ed3\u679c<sup>[77]<\/sup>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9884\u9632\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u8111\u7f3a\u8840\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e<sup>[3\uff0c75-77]<\/sup>\u3002\u672f\u524d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u8109\u809d\u7d20\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u5584\u642d\u6865\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u901a\u7545<sup>[78]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6297\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u5904\u65b9\u836f\u7269\u897f\u6d1b\u5730\u5511\uff08\u4e00\u79cdphosphodiesterase 3\u6291\u5236\u5242\uff09\u6709\u7740\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\u529f\u6548\u5e76\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669<sup>[62]<\/sup>\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u897f\u6d1b\u5730\u5511\u6216\u6c2f\u5421\u683c\u96f7\u7684\u975e\u624b\u672f\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u961f\u5217\u8868\u660e5\u5e74\u5185\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u590d\u53d1\u7387\u4e3a6%\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bc1\u660e\u897f\u6d1b\u5730\u5511\u7ec4\u6bd4\u6c2f\u5421\u683c\u96f7\u7ec4\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8111\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u5347<sup>[64\uff0c65]<\/sup>\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5065\u5eb7\u4fdd\u9669\u670d\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u56de\u987e\u6027\u961f\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u6297\u677f\u6cbb\u7597\u4f7f\u5f97\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u964d\u4f4e23%\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bd4\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u6297\u677f\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u897f\u6d1b\u5730\u5511\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u83b7\u76ca\u6700\u5927<sup>[62]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u989d\u5916\u8840\u7ba1\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u989d\u5916\u8840\u7ba1\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u5728\u975e\u624b\u672f\u4e0e\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u590d\u53d1\u6027\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u8111\u5352\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u9884\u6d4b\u56e0\u7d20<sup>[79]<\/sup>\u3002\u9ad8\u8840\u538b\u548c\u8840\u8102\u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u6700\u521d\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u662f\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5df2\u77e5\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20<sup>[80]<\/sup>\u3002\u9ad8BMI\u548c\u9ad8\u540c\u578b\u534a\u80f1\u6c28\u9178\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u6709\u5173<sup>[81]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u975e\u968f\u673a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u672f\u540e\u6570\u5b57\u51cf\u5f71\u8840\u7ba1\u9020\u5f71\u53d1\u73b0\u672f\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u6258\u4f10\u4ed6\u6c40\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u4fa7\u652f\u5faa\u73af<sup>[82]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u70df\u96fe\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u6258\u4f10\u4ed6\u6c40\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u504f\u5934\u75db\u7684\u53d1\u4f5c\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u6709\u70df\u96fe\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u53d8\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5934\u75db\u7684\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5934\u75db\u5177\u6709\u5178\u578b\u7684\u504f\u5934\u75db\u7279\u5f81\uff08&gt;50%\u4e3a\u6709\u5148\u5146\u504f\u5934\u75db\uff09\u6216\u7d27\u5f20\u578b\u5934\u75db<sup>[84,85]<\/sup>\u3002\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u5934\u75db\u7684\u75c5\u751f\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u6cbb\u7597\u5c1a\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u9650\u5236\u8840\u7ba1\u8212\u5f20\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\uff08\u964d\u9499\u7d20\u57fa\u56e0\u76f8\u5173\u9776\u5411\u80bd\u6cbb\u7597\uff09\u3001\u4fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\uff08\u66f2\u5766\u7c7b\uff0c\u9ea6\u89d2\uff09\u6216\u8005\u964d\u8840\u538b\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\uff08\u03b2-\u963b\u6ede\u5242\uff0c\u9499\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u963b\u6ede\u5242\uff09<sup>[33\uff0c38]<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u672f\u540e\u5934\u75db\u7684\u6539\u5584\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u672f\u540e\u5934\u75db\u52a0\u91cd\u6216\u65b0\u53d1\u5934\u75db\u4e5f\u6709\u62a5\u9053<sup>[33\uff0c38]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>2021\u5e74AHA\/ASA\u6307\u5357\u8868\u660e\u5728\u624b\u672f\u548c\u975e\u624b\u672f\u7684\u7f3a\u8840\u578b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u836f\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u9632\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6297\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u836f\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8840\u7ba1\u8212\u5f20\u5242\u897f\u6d1b\u5730\u5511\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u5b58\u7387\uff0c\u8111\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\u5934\u75db\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u504f\u5934\u75db\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u6291\u5236\u8840\u7ba1\u8212\u5f20\u6216\u8005\u964d\u4f4e\u8840\u538b\u7684\u504f\u5934\u75db\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u624b\u672f\u5e72\u9884<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u5916\u79d1\u6cbb\u7597\u5305\u62ec\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u672f\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u9885\u5916-\u9885\u5185\u76f4\u63a5\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u989e\u6d45\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u95f4\u63a5\uff1a\u9885\u5916\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5305\u62ec\u989e\u6d45\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u5e3d\u72b6\u8171\u819c\u3001\u989e\u808c\u3001\u786c\u8111\u819c\u7b49\u4e0e\u8111\u8868\u9762\u8d34\u58c1\u5f62\u6210\u8840\u7ba1\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u5408\u5e76\u95f4\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5178\u578b\u624b\u672f\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u624b\u672f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\u548c\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6cd5<sup>[86]<\/sup>\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u642d\u6865\u672f\u5177\u6709\u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u5efa\u8840\u8fd0\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u95f4\u63a5\u642d\u6865\u672f\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u6570\u5929\u6216\u6570\u5468\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u5f85\u8840\u7ba1\u589e\u6b96\u548c\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2<sup>[87\uff0c88]<\/sup>\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u642d\u6865\u672f\u5728\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\uff0c\u5982\u8111\u8fc7\u5ea6\u704c\u6ce8\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff08CHS\uff09<sup>[1\uff0c89]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u524d\u77bb\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u672f\u5728\u9884\u9632\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u5352\u4e2d\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u65e5\u672c\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u624b\u672f\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u672f\uff08\u53cc\u4fa7\u76f4\u63a5\u642d\u6865\u672f\uff09\u4e0e\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u51fa\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u624b\u672f\u518d\u51fa\u8840\u51cf\u5c11\uff082.7%\/\u5e74 vs 7.6%\/\u5e74\uff1bp=0.04\uff09<sup>[51]<\/sup>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8111\u5185\u51fa\u8840\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u9884\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4e9a\u7ec4\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u540e\u90e8\u51fa\u8840\uff08\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53ef\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u6216\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u51fa\u8840\uff09\u7684\u518d\u51fa\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u624b\u672f\u5e72\u9884\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u83b7\u76ca<sup>[57]<\/sup>\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u56de\u987e\u6027\u548c\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u5355\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u75c5\u4f8b\u7cfb\u5217\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u652f\u6301\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u75c7\u72b6\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u75c5\u4eba\u83b7\u76ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u51fa\u8840\u4e9a\u7ec4\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e<sup>[70\uff0c74]<\/sup>\u3002\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u8bc1\u636e\u5728AHA\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u5352\u4e2d\u534f\u4f1a2021\u5e74\u6307\u5357\u4e2d\u88ab\u63a8\u8350\u8bc4\u4e3a2a\u7ea7\u8bc1\u636e\u3001C\u7ea7\u9650\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u6307\u5357\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u5352\u4e2d\u6216\u77ed\u6682\u6027\u8111\u7f3a\u8840\u53d1\u4f5c<sup>[59]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u6700\u4f73\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u7b56\u7565\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6210\u4eba\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4f18\u4e8e\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u51fa\u8840\u60a3\u8005\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5e76\u672a\u4e0e\u95f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4e24\u9879\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u548c\u56de\u987e\u6027\u975e\u968f\u673a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u51fa\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u83b7\u76ca<sup>[90\uff0c91]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5173\u4e8e\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u7684\u968f\u673a\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u835f\u8403\u5206\u6790<sup>[70\uff0c73\uff0c74\uff0c92-94]<\/sup>\u53ca\u5176\u6765\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u975e\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u975e\u76f2\u7ed3\u679c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u968f\u8bbf\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u957f\u77ed\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7eb3\u5165\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\u76f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u6216\u8054\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u9884\u9632\u5352\u4e2d<sup>[73\uff0c74\uff0c92-94]<\/sup>\u548c\u8840\u7ba1\u9020\u5f71\u7ed3\u679c<sup>[70\uff0c73\uff0c92\uff0c93]<\/sup>\u5747\u4f18\u4e8e\u95f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u65b9\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u5dee\u5f02<sup>[70\uff0c73\uff0c74]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u51fa\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u672a\u6765\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u989e\u6d45\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u4e0d\u5168\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3001\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u8005\u7f3a\u8840\u533a\u57df\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u6216\u5927\u8111\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u533a\u57df\uff08\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u591a\u5904\u94bb\u5b54\u624b\u672f<sup>[95]<\/sup>\u548c\u5927\u7f51\u819c\u74e3\u79fb\u690d\u672f<sup>[96\uff0c97]<\/sup>\u7b49\u8865\u6551\u6cbb\u7597\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u624b\u672f\u5728\u6210\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ebb\u9189\u548c\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u548c\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u60a3\u8005\u624b\u672f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u9ebb\u9189\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5747\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u9ebb\u9189\u6307\u5357\u3002\u672f\u524d\u591c\u665a\u9759\u8109\u8f93\u6db2\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u7ecf\u53e3\u670d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u6c34\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u672f\u540e\u4f4e\u8840\u538b\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u6709\u6839\u636e\u4e14\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u5728\u9ebb\u9189\u8bf1\u5bfc\u524d\u653e\u7f6e\u52a8\u8109\u5bfc\u7ba1<sup>[98]<\/sup>\u3002\u6536\u7f29\u538b\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7b49\u4e8e\u6216\u9ad8\u4e8e\u672f\u524d\u60a3\u8005\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u65f6\u7684\u6536\u7f29\u538b\u57fa\u7ebf\u3002\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u6536\u7f29\u538b&gt;180mmHg<sup>[98\uff0c99]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6362\u6c14\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4f4e\u78b3\u9178\u8840\u75c7\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u8840\u7ba1\u6536\u7f29\u548c\u7f3a\u8840\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e94\u7ef4\u6301\u547c\u6c14\u672b\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6d53\u5ea6\u572835-45mmHg\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u78b3\u9178\u8840\u75c7<sup>[98\uff0c99]<\/sup>\u3002\u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u5728\u672f\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u8840\u5bb9\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u8f7b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u8840\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4f4e\u8840\u538b\u548c\u8111\u704c\u6ce8\u538b\u8fc7\u4f4e\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7518\u9732\u9187<sup>[98\uff0c99]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u56f4\u624b\u672f\u671f\uff0c\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u766b\u75eb\u53d1\u4f5c\u548cCHS\u5747\u662f\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u3002\u5728\u5bf927\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff082225\u4f8b\u60a3\u8005\uff09\u7684\u56de\u987e\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0cCHS\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u4e3a16.5%\uff0811.3%-22.3%\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u513f\u7ae5\u4e3a3.8%\uff0c\u6210\u4eba\u4e3a19.9%\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u76f8\u4f3c<sup>[100]<\/sup>\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u662f\u77ed\u6682\u6027\u795e\u7ecf\u529f\u80fd\u7f3a\u635f\uff0870.2%\uff1b\u8303\u56f4\uff1a56.3%~82.7%\uff09\u3001\u51fa\u8840\uff0815.0%\uff1b\u8303\u56f4\uff1a5.5%~26.9%\uff09\u3001\u766b\u75eb\u53d1\u4f5c\uff085.3%\uff1b\u8303\u56f4\uff1a0.6%-12.9%\uff09<sup>[100]<\/sup>\u3002\u5df2\u77e5\u7684CHS\u9884\u6d4b\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u9f84\u3001\u672f\u524d\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u969c\u788d\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u4f18\u52bf\u534a\u7403\u624b\u672f\u548c\u672f\u4e2d\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u95ed\u585e\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\uff09<sup>[101 -104]<\/sup>\u3002CHS\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u8840\u538b\uff08\u6536\u7f29\u538b&lt;130mmHg\uff09\u6765\u7f13\u89e3<sup>[105]<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5e94\u7528\u7c73\u8bfa\u73af\u7d20<sup>[106]<\/sup>\u3001\u6216\u4f9d\u8fbe\u62c9\u5949<sup>[107]<\/sup>\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8840\u7ba1\u4ecb\u5165\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u75c5\u53f2\u6539\u5584\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u652f\u67b6\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u6210\u5f62\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0825%\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff08\u5305\u62ec7%\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u6027\u51fa\u8840\uff09<sup>[108]<\/sup>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u652f\u67b6\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u6210\u5f62\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u8840\u7ba1\u4ecb\u5165\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u6982\u7387\u4e0eMMD\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u8840\u7ba1\u72ed\u7a84\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u7ba1\u8154\u72ed\u7a84<sup>[44]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u51fa\u8840\u4e0e\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u4fa7\u652f\u8840\u7ba1\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u5047\u6027\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fdc\u7aef\u6813\u585e\u8f7d\u7624\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u4ecb\u5165\u6cbb\u7597\u6709\u6210\u529f\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5f00\u9885\u884c\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u95ed\u585e\u624b\u672f\u5177\u670921%\u81f370%\u7684\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0e40%\u7684\u518d\u51fa\u8840\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u95ed\u585e\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u4ecb\u5165\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u4fa7\u652f\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5e94\u529b\u95f4\u63a5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\/\u6d88\u9000\u7684\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u90fd\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7387\u7ea6\u4e3a80%<sup>[109\uff0c110]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eMMD\u76f8\u5173\u6025\u6027\u5352\u4e2d\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6eb6\u6813\/\u673a\u68b0\u8840\u6813\u6e05\u9664\u672f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5f53\u6709\u9650\u3002\u4e00\u7bc7\u5bf910\u4f8b\u75c5\u4f8b\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7efc\u8ff0\u663e\u793a\uff0c4\u4f8b\u63a5\u53d7\u8840\u6813\u6e05\u9664\u672f\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u67092\u4f8b\u6210\u529f\u518d\u704c\u6ce8\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u76849\u4f8b\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u67095\u4f8b\u529f\u80fd\u6539\u5584<sup>[111]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<p>1<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u624b\u672f\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\uff0cAHA\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e2d\u98ce\u534f\u4f1a\u6307\u5357\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u548c2a\u7ea7\u63a8\u8350<sup>[59]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<p>\u672f\u4e2d\u9ebb\u9189\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u786e\u4fdd\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u8840\u538b\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u57fa\u7ebf\u8840\u538b\uff09\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u78b3\u9178\u8840\u75c7\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u8840\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u672f\u4e2d\u7f3a\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4<\/p>\n<p>CHS\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u672f\u540e\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u8054\u5408\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>5<\/p>\n<p>\u8840\u7ba1\u5185\u652f\u67b6\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u6210\u5f62\u672f\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u7f3a\u8840\u578b\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u8840\u6027\u70df\u96fe\u8840\u7ba1\u52a8\u8109\u7624\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8840\u7ba1\u4ecb\u5165\u6cbb\u7597\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u91cd\u5efa\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5c40\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5bf9MMD\u548cMMS\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9488\u5bf9\u547d\u540d\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u9700\u5236\u5b9a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6807\u8bb0\u7269\u3001\u660e\u786e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u751f\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u786e\u51ff\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u6cbb\u7597\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u4e0e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5236\u8ba2\u65b0\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u75be\u75c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u4f9b\u4f53\u8840\u7ba1\u8d28\u91cf\u6216\u4e34\u5e8a\u57fa\u672c\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u51b3\u5b9a\u60a3\u8005\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u9009\u62e9\u504f\u501a\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6df7\u6dc6\u6216\u8bef\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u6570\u636e\uff08RWD\uff09\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8bc1\u636e<sup>[112]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4ee5\u60a3\u8005\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u9884\u540e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u7ec8\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e34\u5e8a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5408\u9002\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u624b\u672f\u5e72\u9884\u540e\u7684\u8840\u8fd0\u91cd\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u968f\u8bbf\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u8fde\u7eed\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56f0\u96be\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u89c4\u5212\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u5c06MMD\u548cMMS\u89c6\u4e3a\u7f55\u89c1\u75be\u75c5<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u76f8\u5173\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u5408\u4f5c\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u8840\u7ba1\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u3001\u536b\u751f\u4fdd\u5065\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u52a9\u673a\u6784\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5ead\u5e94\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u5efa\u7acb\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u4e0e\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u7f55\u89c1\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u8054\u76df\u5df2\u7ecf\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u89c4\u5212<sup>[113]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6613\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u53d1\u5c55\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u7814\u53d1\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4ee5\u60a3\u8005\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u9884\u540e\u8bc4\u4f30<sup>[116]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u60a3\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u4e3a\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e34\u5e8a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u5352\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u9002\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u52a9\u673a\u6784\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u8be5\u8bfe\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9\u8f6c\u5316\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u65b0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7b49\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u672a\u6765\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u5e94\u7528\u521b\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528RWD\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5168\u7403\u767b\u8bb0\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u767b\u8bb0\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u968f\u673a\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u6570\u636eRWD\uff08real-world data\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u5e38\u89c4\u4e34\u5e8a\u62a4\u7406\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4e0e\u60a3\u8005\u5065\u5eb7\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u5c55\u7f55\u89c1\u75c5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1RWD\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u5047\u8bbe\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc6\u522b\u9884\u540e\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u8bc1\u636e\uff08\u4eceRWD\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5e72\u9884\u6f5c\u5728\u83b7\u76ca\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff09\u7684\u751f\u6210\u9700\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u504f\u501a\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u666e\u904d\u6027<sup>[112]<\/sup>\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u836f\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u98df\u54c1\u836f\u54c1\u76d1\u7763\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40Sentinel\u7cfb\u7edf<sup>[117]<\/sup>\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u94fe<sup>[118]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6574\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528RWD\u6536\u96c6\u9884\u540e\u548c\u4e0d\u826f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6570\u636e<sup>[112\uff0c119\uff0c120]<\/sup>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u9884\u540e\u8bca\u65ad\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u8981\u5c0f\u3002\u5728\u70df\u96fe\u75c5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6709\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e34\u5e8a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u4e2d\u98ce\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u53d7\u76f2\u6cd5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e00\u6837<sup>[120]<\/sup>\uff0c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u6027\u767b\u8bb0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u6ce8\u518c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5904\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u79ef\u6781\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u521b\u65b0\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u968f\u673a\u5316\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u91cd\u65b0\u4f30\u8ba1\u548c\u6982\u7387\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u9700\u8981\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u8d44\u52a9\u673a\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u671b\u5e26\u6765\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u66f4\u666e\u9002\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caMMD\u548cMMS\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u8bd1\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u4f55\u4e16\u8c6a<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u5317\u4eac\u5929\u575b\u533b\u9662<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u5317\u4eac\u5929\u575b\u533b\u9662\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u4e13\u4e1a\u578b\u535a\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\uff0c\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08<\/p>\n<p>\u7855\u58eb\u5e08\u4ece\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u77e5\u540d\u4e13\u5bb6\u738b\u5d58\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5e08\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u77e5\u540d\u4e13\u5bb6\u8d75\u5143\u7acb\u6559\u6388\u3002Science AAAS 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