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\u5c45\u5bb6\u73af\u5883\u6539\u9020<\/h2>\n<p>\u6539\u5584\u5c45\u5bb6\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u8dcc\u5012\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7167\u660e\u6539\u5584\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5149\u7ebf\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u697c\u68af\u3001\u8d70\u5eca\u548c\u5367\u5ba4\u7b49\u533a\u57df<sup>22<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5730\u9762\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u4fdd\u6301\u5730\u9762\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u6ed1\u5730\u7816\u6216\u5730\u6bef\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5730\u9762\u6e7f\u6ed1<sup>23<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bb6\u5177\u5e03\u5c40\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5bb6\u5177\u6446\u653e\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u963b\u788d\u884c\u8d70\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e8a\u8fb9\u548c\u5395\u6240\u65c1\u5b89\u88c5\u6276\u624b<sup>24<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u79fb\u9664\u969c\u788d\uff1a\u79fb\u9664\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u7ebf\u3001\u5c0f\u5730\u6bef\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u7eca\u5012\u7684\u7269\u54c1<sup>25<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d74\u5ba4\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u5728\u6d74\u5ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u9632\u6ed1\u57ab\u3001\u6276\u624b\u548c\u6dcb\u6d74\u5ea7\u6905\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8dcc\u5012\u7684\u98ce\u9669<sup>26<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. \u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u5e94\u6025\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n<h2>4.1 \u8bc4\u4f30\u8dcc\u5012\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u8dcc\u5012\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5bf9\u5916\u4f24\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9650\u5236\u548c\u75bc\u75db\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5916\u4f24\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u4f24\u53e3\u3001\u51fa\u8840\u3001\u80bf\u80c0\u6216\u7578\u5f62\u7b49\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5916\u4f24\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002\u6839\u636eBrauer\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9acb\u90e8\u9aa8\u6298\u662f\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e4b\u4e00<sup>27<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u75bc\u75db\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a\u8be2\u95ee\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5267\u70c8\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5173\u8282\u6216\u9aa8\u9abc\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9aa8\u6298\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002Parker\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9acb\u90e8\u9aa8\u6298\u7684\u75bc\u75db\u901a\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u5267\u70c8\uff0c\u4e14\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d7\u9650\u660e\u663e<sup>28<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u884c\u7ad9\u7acb\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u3002Magaziner\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u53d7\u9650\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6062\u590d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807<sup>29<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u64c5\u81ea\u79fb\u52a8\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u52a0\u91cd\u4f24\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4.2 \u5bfb\u6c42\u533b\u7597\u5e2e\u52a9<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u8dcc\u5012\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u4f24\u5bb3\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u5bfb\u6c42\u533b\u7597\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7d27\u6025\u547c\u53eb\uff1a\u62e8\u6253\u6025\u6551\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u5982\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684120\u6216\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684911\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7d27\u6025\u533b\u7597\u6551\u63f4\u3002\u6839\u636eCourtney\u548cO&#039;Keeffe\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u533b\u7597\u5e72\u9884\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387<sup>30<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u5411\u6025\u6551\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8dcc\u5012\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u53d7\u4f24\u90e8\u4f4d\u3001\u65e2\u5f80\u75c5\u53f2\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6025\u6551\u4eba\u5458\u505a\u597d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002Carpenter\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6025\u6551\u6548\u7387<sup>31<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u51b7\u9759\uff1a\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u6551\u63f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u51b7\u9759\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u6050\u614c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8840\u538b\u5347\u9ad8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3002Pautex\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u6050\u614c\u662f\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20<sup>32<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4.3 \u9884\u9632\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7<\/h2>\n<p>\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\uff0c\u5982\u538b\u75ae\u3001\u80ba\u90e8\u611f\u67d3\u3001\u8840\u6813\u7b49\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u9884\u9632\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u7ffb\u8eab\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5367\u5e8a\u7684\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u7ffb\u8eab\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u538b\u8feb\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u9884\u9632\u538b\u75ae\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002Allman\u548cWheatley\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf2\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ffb\u8eab\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u538b\u75ae\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387<sup>33<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9f13\u52b1\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1a\u5728\u533b\u751f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u63e1\u7403\u3001\u52fe\u811a\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8840\u6db2\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u9884\u9632\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\u3002Gillespie\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u8840\u6813\u5f62\u6210\u98ce\u9669<sup>34<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u547c\u5438\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u547c\u5438\u548c\u54b3\u55fd\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u80ba\u90e8\u901a\u6c14\uff0c\u9884\u9632\u80ba\u90e8\u611f\u67d3\u3002Ouslander\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u7ec3\u4e60\u662f\u9884\u9632\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u80ba\u90e8\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5<sup>35<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u540e\u7684\u5e94\u6025\u5904\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u8dcc\u5012\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u5bfb\u6c42\u533b\u7597\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u9632\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u8dcc\u5012\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Footnotes<\/h2>\n<li>\n<p>World Health Organization. (2024). Falls. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.\/zh\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/falls<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u5065\u5eb7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u75be\u75c5\u9884\u9632\u63a7\u5236\u5c40. (2021). \u9884\u9632\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u5065\u5eb7\u6559\u80b2\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f. Retrieved from https:\/\/ncncd.\/xzzq_1\/202409\/t20240923_300372.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7. (2021). 2015-2018\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u4f24\u5bb3\u76d1\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\/\u5760\u843d\u60c5\u51b5\u5206\u6790. Retrieved from http:\/\/html.\/zhlxbx\/20210122.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9884\u9632\u8dcc\u5012\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u4eba\u751f\u201c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u9aa8\u6298\u201d-\u56fd\u5bb6\u8001\u5e74\u75be\u75c5\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3. (2023). Retrieved from https:\/\/ncrcgdxy.\/info\/1042\/2886.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>2022\u5e74\u7248\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u8dcc\u5012\u7684\u9884\u9632\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u300b\u89e3\u8bfb. (2023). \u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u79d1\u533b\u5b66, 26(10), 1159-1163,1171. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cn-healthcare.com\/articlewm\/20230304\/content-1519411.html<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5468\u541b\u6842, \u8303\u5efa\u4e2d, \u5e9e\u6218\u519b. 3\u79cd\u91cf\u8868\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8001\u5e74\u60a3\u8005\u8dcc\u5012\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u533a\u5206\u6548\u5ea6\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7814\u7a76[J]. \u4e2d\u534e\u7269\u7406\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5eb7\u590d\u6742\u5fd7, 2011, 33(6): 422-424.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Peng, K., Tian, M., Andersen, M., et al. Incidence, risk factors and economic burden of fall-related injuries in older Chinese people: a systematic review[J]. Injury Prevention, 2019, 25(1): 4-12.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Joint Commission. Preventing falls and fall-related injuries in health care facilities[J]. Sentinel Event Alert, 2015, 17(55): 1-5.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Peng, K., Tian, M., Andersen, M., et al. Incidence, risk factors and economic burden of fall-related injuries in older Chinese people: a systematic review[J]. Injury Prevention, 2019, 25(1): 4-12.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Radecki, B., Reynolds, S., Kara, A. Inpatient fall prevention from the patient&#039;s perspective: a qualitative study[J]. Applied Nursing Research, 2018, 43: 114-119.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Hemenway, D., Newberry, S., Wang, Z. Review of the evidence on falls prevention in hospitals[J]. Anthropologist, 2012, 90(2): 143-152.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Oliver, D., Martin, F., Seed, P. Preventing patient falls[J]. Age and Ageing, 2002, 31(1): 75-76.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Liu-Ambrose, T., Davis, J. C., Best, J. R., et al. Effect of a home-based exercise program on subsequent falls among community-dwelling older adults after a fall: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2019, 321(21): 2092-2100.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Fernandes, N. B., Hars, M., Trompette, A., et al. Age-related changes in attention control and their relationship with gait performance in older adults with high risk of falls[J]. NeuroImage, 2019, 189: 551-559.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Tinetti, M. E., &amp; Kumar, C. The patient who falls: \u201cIt\u2019s always a trade-off\u201d.[J]. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2010, 303(3): 258-266.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Shumway-Cook, A., Baldwin, M., Polissar, N. L., &amp; Gruber, W. Predicting the probability of falls in community-dwelling older adults.[J]. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 1997, 5(2): 64-72.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Leipzig, R. M., Cumming, R. G., &amp; Tinetti, M. E. Drugs and falls in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis: II. Cardiac and analgesic drugs.[J]. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1999, 47(1): 40-50.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., et al. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise.[J]. Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise, 2011, 43(7): 1334-1359.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Li, F., Harmer, P., Fisher, K. J., et al. Tai Chi: improving functional balance and predicting subsequent falls in older persons.[J]. Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise, 2005, 37(11): 1974-1981.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Peterson, E. W., &amp; Csuka, M. The effect of strength training on physical performance in community-dwelling older women.[J]. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Sciences, 1996, 51(5): M233-M239.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Sherrington, C., Whitney, J., Lord, S. R., et al. 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Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1997, 45(6): 735-740.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8dcc\u5012\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd 1.1 \u8dcc\u5012\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1 \u8dcc\u5012\u662f\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u610f\u5916\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/?p=43894\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-70"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43894\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}