\u5bfc\u8a00<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8ePadget\u4e8e1948\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5bf9\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001Padget\u5206\u671f\u6982\u8ff0<\/p>\n
1948\u5e74\uff0cPadget\u6839\u636e\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u768422\u4e2a\u4eba\u80da\u65ad\u9762\u6807\u672c\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u50cf\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4eba\u80da\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u53d1\u80b2\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5979\u5c06\u4eba\u80da\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u4e03\u671f\uff0c\u80ce\u513f\u671f\u7684\u53d1\u80b2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u516b\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
Padget\u4eba\u80da\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u5206\u671f\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u7167\u201c\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u5206\u671f\u201d\u6765\u5212\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u5206\u671f\u3002Padget\u4eba\u80da\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u5206\u671f\u662f\u4ece\u51a0\u81c0\u957f\u7ea64-5mm\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff0cBertulli\u7b49\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cPadget\u524d\u671f\u201d(Bertulli 2021)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u88682-1 Padget\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u5206\u671f\u4e0e\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u5206\u671f\u5bf9\u7167(Bertulli 2021)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c \u3001\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2<\/p>\n
\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u81ea\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\uff08ventral aorta\uff09\u548c\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\uff08dorsal aorta\uff09\u3002\u4e24\u652f\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u878d\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u56ca\uff08aortic sac\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u652f\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u4e2d\u7ebf\u5904\u878d\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u964d\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4eba\u80da\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u516d\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\uff08aortic arch\uff0c\u6216\u79f0\u54bd\u5f13\uff0cpharyngeal arch\uff09(Bae 2022; Bertulli 2021)\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4fa7\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u4ece\u8179\u4fa7\u53d1\u81ea\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5411\u80cc\u4fa7\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u3002\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u6cbf\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u80da\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f53\u8282\u90fd\u53d1\u51fa\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u3002\u8fd9\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5b58\u5728\u76f4\u523013mm\u671f\uff1b\u53d1\u80b2\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u7b2c\u516d\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u4ece\u672a\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Padget\u524d\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u7b2c21d\uff0c\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u8fde\u63a5\uff1b\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u5230\u7ea64mm\u80da\u80ce\u671f\uff0c\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4ecd\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u89c1\u56db\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5fc3\u810f\u548c\u5927\u8840\u7ba1\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u53d1\u80b2\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u9996\u5148\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u6b8b\u7aef\u5206\u522b\u5f62\u6210\u4e0b\u988c\u52a8\u8109\uff08mandibular artery\uff09\u548c\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\uff08hyoid artery\uff09\u3002\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u6210\u4e3a\u9888\u603b\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u8fd1\u7aef\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5f62\u6210\u6210\u5e74\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5f13\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u7b2c\u4e94\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5e38\u9000\u5316\u3002\u7b2c\u516d\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u6210\u4e3a\u80ba\u52a8\u8109\uff08pulmonary artery\uff09\u8fd1\u7aef\u548c\u52a8\u8109\u5bfc\u7ba1\uff08ductus arteriosus\uff09\uff1b\u52a8\u8109\u5bfc\u7ba1\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u6570\u6708\u5185\u95ed\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-1 \u4eba\u80da\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u6f14\u5316\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002A. \u4eba\u80da\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\uff08\u6570\u5b571-6\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u3002B. \u6b63\u5e38\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5f13\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u8840\u7ba1\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u8282\u6bb5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8fdb\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u6210\u4eba\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5f13\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u4eff\u81eaBae\u7b49(Bae 2022)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001Padget\u524d\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f1.5-4mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728Padget\u524d\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u7b2c21d\uff0c\u8179\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6570\u5929\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\uff0c\u5934\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u6cbf\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u80da\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f53\u8282\u90fd\u53d1\u51fa\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u5fc3\u810f\u7ea6\u5728\u7b2c23d\u5f00\u59cb\u8df3\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-2 3mm\u4eba\u80da\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u9759\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001Padget\u80da\u671f\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2<\/p>\n
\u3220 \u7b2c1\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f4-5mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u539f\u59cb\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u8fd1\u7aef\u8d77\u59cb\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u522b\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u4e0b\u988c\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u5728\u4e09\u53c9\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u5904\uff0c\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u4e09\u53c9\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive trigeminal artery\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u80cc\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u540e\u8111\uff08hindbrain\uff09\u58c1\u4e0a\u7684\u53cc\u4fa7\u7eb5\u5411\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\uff08longigudinal neural artery\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u662f\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u5411\u8111\u90e8\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u5411\u5934\u4fa7\u6b63\u4e2d\u8d70\u5411Rathke\u56ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u5728\u89c6\u6ce1\u9876\u90e8\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e72\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\uff08cranial division\uff09\u548c\u5c3e\u4fa7\u5e72\uff08caudal divison\uff09\u3002\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u5728\u89c6\u6ce1\u524d\u65b9\u73af\u7ed5\u89c6\u6ce1\u5f2f\u66f2\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u55c5\u533a\uff1b\u5c3e\u4fa7\u5e72\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u4e2d\u8111\uff08mesencephalon\uff09\u8840\u7ba1\u4e1b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5728Rahtke\u61a9\u5ba4\u57fa\u5e95\u4e0b\u65b9\u53d1\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u4e0a\u988c\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive maxillary artery\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u89c6\u6ce1\uff08optic vesicle\uff09\u57fa\u5e95\u8d70\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u53c9\u5904\u9644\u8fd1\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u8d70\u884c\u81f3\u89c6\u6ce1\u5185\u4fa7\u9762\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u539f\u59cb\u773c\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive ophthalmic artery\uff09\uff1b\u672a\u6765\u773c\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u671f\u53ea\u662f\u4e1b\u72b6\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u4e0a\u988c\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u5728\u540e\u8111\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u53cc\u4fa7\u7eb5\u884c\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8ba4\u3002\u7eb5\u5411\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u5934\u4fa7\u7531\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4e09\u53c9\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\uff0c\u5c3e\u4fa7\u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u9888\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\uff08first cervical segmental arteries\uff09\u4f9b\u8840\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247a \u7eb5\u5411\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u8fd8\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4e0a\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\uff0c\u5373\u4f4d\u4e8e\u542c\u795e\u7ecf\u548c\u8033\u6ce1\uff08otocyst\uff09\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8033\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive otic artery\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u820c\u4e0b\u795e\u7ecf\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u820c\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive hypoglossal artery\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-3 Padget\u7b2c1\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-4 Padget\u7b2c1\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5e95\u9762\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3221 \u7b2c2\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f5-6mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u5728\u539f\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5904\uff0c\u4e0b\u988c\u52a8\u8109\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c0f\u7684\u6b8b\u7559\uff0c\u4f46\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u80b2\u660e\u663e\uff1b\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u8179\u4fa7\u5904\u53d1\u51fa\u8179\u4fa7\u54bd\u52a8\u8109\uff08ventral pharyngeal artery\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u53c9\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN V\uff09\u4e0a\u988c\u795e\u7ecf\u6839\u5904\u5411\u5934\u4fa7\u548c\u5916\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\uff1b\u8179\u4fa7\u54bd\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\uff08stapedial artery\uff09\u548c\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u4e2d\u5c06\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u53cc\u4fa7\u7eb5\u5411\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5934\u4fa7\u90e8\u5206\u9010\u6e10\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\uff1b\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5c3e\u4fa7\u5e72\u4e0e\u7eb5\u884c\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5934\u7aef\u5728\u4e2d\u8111\uff08mesencephalon\uff09\u5904\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\uff1b\u968f\u7740\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u4e09\u53c9\u52a8\u8109\u9010\u6e10\u9000\u5316\u6d88\u5931\uff1b\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u9010\u6e10\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u4e09\u53c9\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5411\u7eb5\u884c\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u6216\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\u7684\u5934\u4fa7\u4e3b\u8981\u8840\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u4e00\u652f\u6216\u591a\u652f\u5c0f\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4ece\u90bb\u8fd1\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u8d77\u70b9\u5904\u7684\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\u8d70\u884c\u81f3\u89c6\u6ce1\uff08optic vesicle\uff09\u5185\u4fa7\u9762\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u957f\u7684\u5916\u4fa7\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u89c6\u676f\uff08optic cup\uff09\u7684\u80cc\u4fa7\u548c\u5c3e\u4fa7\u8fb9\u7f18\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u6676\u72b6\u4f53\u539f\u59cb\u7ec6\u80de\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u79f0\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u80cc\u4fa7\u773c\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive dorsal ophthalmic artery\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-5 Padget\u7b2c2\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-6 Padget\u7b2c2\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5e95\u9762\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3222 \u7b2c3\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f7-12mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u5176\u5934\u4fa7\u7aef\u5448\u7279\u5f81\u6027\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u5904\u4e3b\u5e72\u7ec6\u5c0f\u3002\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u8d70\u884c\u81f3\u9762\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN\u2166\uff09\u53ca\u820c\u54bd\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN \u2168\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff1b\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e0b\u988c\u52a8\u8109\u77ed\u800c\u7ec6\u5c0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u8fa8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u8179\u4fa7\u54bd\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\u4f34\u968f\u9f13\u7d22\u795e\u7ecf\uff08chorda tympani nerve\uff09\u7684\u4e0b\u988c\u652f\u8d70\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u53d1\u51fa\u6570\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5206\u652f\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive anterior choroidal artery\uff09\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u88c2\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u95f4\u8111\uff08diencephalon\uff09\u3002\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u8d77\u70b9\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u6570\u652f\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u7684\u5c0f\u5206\u652f\u3002\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u5728\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u55c5\u51f9\uff08olfactory pit\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u51fa\u6570\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4e2d\u7ebf\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u6b64\u671f\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fa8\u8ba4\u7684\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u80cc\u4fa7\u773c\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5411\u4f9b\u5e94\u89c6\u676f\uff08optic cup\uff09\u7684\u591a\u91cf\u6bdb\u7ec6\u8840\u7ba1\u4e1b\u4f9b\u8840\uff1b\u4e0e\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u8d77\u70b9\u76f8\u5bf9\uff0c\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\u5c0f\u5206\u652f\u81f3\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u5468\u56f4\u8840\u7ba1\u4e1b\u7684\u66f4\u5934\u4fa7\u548c\u8179\u4fa7\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u52a8\u8109\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u8179\u4fa7\u773c\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive ventral ophthalmic artery\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u4ece\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5c3e\u7aef\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5728\u52a8\u773c\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN\u2162\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u4f9b\u5e94\u95f4\u8111\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u540e\u52a8\u8109\uff08posterior choroidal arteries\uff09\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\u533a\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e2d\u8111\uff08mesencephalon\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u672a\u6765\u7684\u5c0f\u8111\u4e0a\u52a8\u8109\u73b0\u5728\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u8fa8\uff1b\u5c0f\u8111\u4e0a\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u81ea\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5934\u4fa7\u7aef\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u6ed1\u8f66\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN\u2163\uff09\u548c\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u8111\uff08metencephalon\uff09\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247a \u5728\u5c0f\u8111\u4e0a\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5c3e\u4fa7\uff0c\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5448\u5bf9\u79f0\u72b6\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u6839\u5904\u6700\u7c97\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247b \u4e0a\u516d\u4e2a\u9888\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u8fd1\u7aef\u6216\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u5f13\u4fa7\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u95ed\u585e\uff0c\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u66f4\u8fd1\u6bb5\u53d1\u51fa\u6a2a\u5411\u543b\u5408\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5411\u5c3e\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u81f3\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u6bb5\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u66f4\u8fdc\u6bb5\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u6bb5\u95f4\u52a8\u8109\u4ee3\u8868\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u690e\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u5448\u873f\u8712\u6216\u8fc2\u66f2\u8d70\u884c\uff1b\u690e\u52a8\u8109\u5f00\u59cb\u5f62\u6210\u662f\u6b64\u671f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247c \u539f\u59cb\u4e09\u53c9\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u57fa\u672c\u9000\u5316\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5176\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u7aef\u6216\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7aef\u6709\u5c0f\u7684\u6b8b\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-7 Padget\u7b2c3\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-8 Padget\u7b2c3\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5e95\u9762\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3223 \u7b2c4\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f12-14mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u7279\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\uff08stapedial artery\uff09\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fa7\u679d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u956b\u9aa8\u539f\u57fa\uff08stapes primordium\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u8179\u4fa7\u54bd\u52a8\u8109\u8fdc\u7aef\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\uff08maxillomandibular division\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u8179\u4fa7\u54bd\u52a8\u8109\u8fd1\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u80b2\u6210\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u7532\u72b6\u817a\u52a8\u8109\uff08thyroid branch\uff09\u548c\u820c\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u8282\u6bb5\u95ed\u585e\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u9888\u603b\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u6700\u8fd1\u7aef\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u662f\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u662f\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\uff1b\u968f\u7740\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u51fa\u73b0\u540e\uff0c\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5373\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u3002\u5728\u6210\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5934\u4fa7\u5e72\u672b\u7aef\u5f62\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\uff08primitive olfactory artery\uff09\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u3002\u4e00\u652f\u81f3\u9f3b\u7a9d\uff08nasal fossa\uff09\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u5728\u66f4\u8fd1\u6b63\u4e2d\u8d70\u884c\u81f3\u55c5\u795e\u7ecf\u6839\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u672a\u6765\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c4\u671f\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u6b64\u652f\u4e0e\u5bf9\u4fa7\u540c\u540d\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u7ebf\u5904\u7684\u4e1b\u72b6\u543b\u5408\u652f\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u672a\u6765\u7684\u524d\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u5728\u6b64\u671f\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u773c\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u80cc\u4fa7\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u989e\u4fa7\u776b\u72b6\u603b\u52a8\u8109\uff08common temporal ciliary artery\uff09\u4f9b\u5e94\u89c6\u676f\u7684\u5c3e\u80cc\u4fa7\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u73bb\u7483\u4f53\u52a8\u8109\uff08hyaloid branch\uff09\u7a7f\u8fc7\u80ce\u513f\u773c\u5d74\uff08ocular cleft\uff09\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u8179\u4fa7\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\u5f62\u6210\u9f3b\u4fa7\u776b\u72b6\u603b\u52a8\u8109\uff08common nasal ciliary artery\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u773c\u7403\u9010\u6e10\u5411\u8179\u5916\u4fa7\u8fdc\u79bb\u8111\u90e8\uff0c\u4e24\u652f\u539f\u59cb\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u5747\u88ab\u62c9\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247a \u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u690e\u52a8\u8109\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u80b2\u3002\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u5176\u4e0e\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u7ec6\u5c0f\uff1b\u690e\u52a8\u8109\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5934\u4fa7\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u80b2\u5178\u578b\u5730\u65e9\u4e8e\u5c3e\u4fa7\u7aef\u7684\u53d1\u80b2\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a\u540e\u671f\u540e\u8111\u533a\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u88ab\u690e\u52a8\u8109\u6765\u6e90\u6240\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-9 Padget\u7b2c4\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3224 \u7b2c5\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f16-18mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u5176\u53d1\u80b2\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u524d\u4e00\u671f\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8179\u4fa7\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e0b\u988c\u652f\uff08mandibular branch\uff09\u548c\u4e0a\u988c\u652f\uff08maxillary branch\uff09\uff1b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u80cc\u4fa7\u7684\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\uff08supraorbital division\uff09\uff0c\u8d70\u884c\u4e8e\u4e09\u53c9\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u7684\u5916\u4fa7\uff0c\u671d\u9885\u4fa7\u8fdb\u5165\u539f\u59cb\u773c\u7736\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u4e0e\u9888\u603b\u52a8\u8109\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6570\u652f\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7532\u72b6\u817a\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u820c\u52a8\u8109\u3001\u6795\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u4e0a\u988c\u5916\u52a8\u8109\uff08external maxillary artery\uff09\uff1b\u4e0a\u988c\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8fd1\u7aef\u6bb5\u53ef\u89c1\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\u5e76\u4e0e\u4e4b\u543b\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u652f\u539f\u59cb\u5206\u652f\u4e5f\u6709\u53d1\u80b2\u3002\u4e0b\u988c\u52a8\u8109\u80cc\u4fa7\u6b8b\u7aef\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u5ca9\u6d45\u795e\u7ecf\uff08superficial petrosal nerve\uff0cVidian nerve\uff09\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u5728\u9888\u52a8\u8109\u5916\u4fa7\u3002\u5c0f\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4e0a\u988c\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u5f80\u8fd1\u6b63\u4e2d\u90e8\u548c\u8179\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u6cbf\u5782\u4f53\u5c3e\u7aef\u8fb9\u7f18\u73af\u7ed5\u9885\u54bd\u7ba1\uff0c\u8fd9\u652f\u52a8\u8109\u6700\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u5782\u4f53\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\uff08inferior hypophyseal artery\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u7ec8\u4e8e\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6210\u4eba\u578b\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u7684\u5c3e\u4fa7\uff0cRathke\u56ca\u5916\u4fa7\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8303\u56f4\u4ecd\u4ec5\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u89c6\u676f\u548c\u6676\u72b6\u4f53\uff1b\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u5206\u522b\u662f\u989e\u4fa7\u776b\u72b6\u603b\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u4f53\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u9f3b\u4fa7\u776b\u72b6\u603b\u52a8\u8109\uff1b\u539f\u59cb\u80cc\u4e3b\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u9000\u5316\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u672a\u6765\u6210\u4eba\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u5305\u62ec\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u7736\u52a8\u8109\uff08orbital arteries\uff09\u548c\u773c\u7403\u52a8\u8109\uff08ocular arteries\uff09\uff1b\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u7684\u5206\u652f\u4ec5\u4f9b\u5e94\u773c\u7403\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u800c\u7736\u52a8\u8109\u6765\u81ea\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u51fa\u4f9b\u5e94\u95f4\u8111\u548c\u4e2d\u8111\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u4e0e\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u80b2\u6210\u5927\u8111\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u4ece\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u95f4\u8111\u5206\u652f\u4e0a\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u540e\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u4e0e\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff1b\u4e24\u652f\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u52a8\u8109\u4e2d\uff0c\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u524d\u8179\u4fa7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247a \u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u6210\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e45\u4e3b\u5e72\uff0c\u6709\u6570\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u534a\u7403\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247b \u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u4ecd\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5206\u652f\u81f3\u55c5\u795e\u7ecf\u540e\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u9f3b\u8154\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u51fa\u8fd1\u6b63\u4e2d\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9006\u8f6c\uff0c\u8fd1\u6b63\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e3b\u5e72\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u800c\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247c \u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5206\u652f\u968f\u7740\u540e\u8111\uff08metencephalon\uff09\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u8111\u5ba4\u533a\u7684\u5206\u5316\u800c\u53d1\u80b2\u7684\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u8111\u4e0a\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\u5206\u652f\u8d70\u884c\u4e8e\u6ed1\u8f66\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN\u2163\uff09\u5c3e\u4fa7\uff1b\u5c0f\u8111\u524d\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u53d1\u81ea\u524d\u5ead\u8717\u795e\u7ecf\uff08CN \u2167\uff09\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u7b2c\u56db\u8111\u5ba4\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\uff1b\u5c0f\u8111\u540e\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\u6cbf\u7740\u5ef6\u9ad3\u5411\u5934\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\u81f3\u7b2c\u56db\u8111\u5ba4\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-10 Padget\u7b2c5\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3225 \u7b2c6\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f20-24mm\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u6b64\u671f\u662f\u603b\u4f53\u9885\u8111\u53d1\u80b2\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u6b64\u671f\u5305\u62ec\u8111\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u6700\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u6709\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u80f8\u90e8\u4e0a\u62ac\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5373\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\u548c\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u52a0\u5165\u4e0a\u988c\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u4e0e\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\u5728\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0a\u988c\u652f\u548c\u4e0b\u988c\u652f\u7684\u5206\u53c9\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n
\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e0a\u988c\u4e0b\u988c\u5e72\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u8033\u989e\u795e\u7ecf\u5305\u7ed5\uff0c\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e0e\u4e0a\u988c\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u543b\u5408\u7684\u4e0a\u65b9\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u8111\u819c\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\uff1b\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u8111\u819c\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u8111\u8868\u9762\u786c\u8111\u819c\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002<\/p>\n
\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u956b\u9aa8\u6b63\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u7ec6\u5e76\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u9888\u5916\u52a8\u8109\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff1b\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6210\u4eba\u8111\u819c\u4e2d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u9f13\u5ba4\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u820c\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7aef\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u6210\u4eba\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u9888\u9f13\u5ba4\u52a8\u8109\uff08carodicotympanic artery\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u6210\u4eba\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u5206\u652f\u5f62\u6210\u73af\u7ed5\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u73af\u7684\u8179\u5185\u4fa7\u652f\uff1b\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\u52a0\u5165\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u73af\u7684\u5934\u4fa7\u548c\u80cc\u4fa7\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u4f9b\u5e94\u773c\u7403\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u4f9b\u5e94\u773c\u7736\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u6b64\u671f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u524d\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u4e92\u76f8\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u8111\u534a\u7403\u4e4b\u95f4\u5411\u4e0a\u8d70\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u534a\u7403\u7684\u5185\u4fa7\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5206\u652f\u5411\u5916\u4fa7\u8d70\u884c\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u524d\u7a7f\u8d28\uff08anterior perforated substance\uff09\u8fd1\u6b63\u4e2d\u90e8\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u5e95\u8282\uff1b\u6210\u4eba\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f80\u5f80\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u652f\u6216\u6570\u652f\u7eb9\u72b6\u4f53\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u79f0\u4e3a\u5185\u4fa7\u7eb9\u72b6\u52a8\u8109\uff08medial striate artey\uff09\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72\u3002\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u51fa\u7684Heubner\u56de\u8fd4\u52a8\u8109\uff08Heubner’s recurrent artery\uff09\uff0c\u6cbf\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u5f80\u56de\u8d70\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u5165\u524d\u7a7f\u8d28\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u79cd\u7cfb\u53d1\u80b2\u4e0a\u662f\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5185\u4fa7\u7eb9\u72b6\u52a8\u8109\u548cHeubner\u56de\u8fd4\u52a8\u8109\u662f\u4ece\u539f\u59cb\u55c5\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u5927\u8111\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u543b\u5408\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u968f\u7740\u524d\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0cWillis\u73af\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6b64\u671fWillis\u73af\u5728\u8111\u5e95\u9762\u4ecd\u96be\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u247a \u5c0f\u8111\u524d\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u5c0f\u8111\u540e\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u5e72\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u540e\u8005\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u4f9b\u5e94\u540e\u8111\u540e\u90e8\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u52a8\u8109\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8ba4\u3002\u6b64\u533a\u4e1b\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u5230\u8f83\u665a\u671f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e0e\u5c0f\u8111\u8111\u53f6\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-11 Padget\u7b2c6\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u3226 \u7b2c7\u671f\uff08\u51a0\u81c0\u957f40mm\uff0c\u6210\u4eba\u5f62\u6001\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2474 \u5728\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u671f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u6210\u4eba\u578b\u4e3b\u5e72\u5747\u53ef\u9274\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2475 \u5728\u5927\u8111\u8179\u4fa7\u9762\u6216\u57fa\u5e95\u9762\u9996\u6b21\u53ef\u89c1Willis\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2476 \u65b0\u751f\u513f\u548c\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u5e38\u53ef\u89c1\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u81ea\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\u3002\u5178\u578b\u6210\u4eba\u578b\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u5e38\u7ec6\u5c0f\uff0c\u7ba1\u5f84\u6bd4\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7565\u7c97\uff1b\u8840\u7ba1\u7ba1\u5f84\u51cf\u5c11\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u540e\u4ea4\u901a\u52a8\u8109\u81ea\u9888\u5185\u52a8\u8109\u81f3\u690e\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8840\u6d41\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2477 \u5927\u8111\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\u5e38\u4e0e\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u543b\u5408\uff0c\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u540e\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u5e94\u4fa7\u8111\u5ba4\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\u6bd4\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u524d\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u5206\u652f\u663e\u5f97\u6bd4\u5176\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\u652f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2478 \u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4fdd\u6301\u6210\u4eba\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\u5728\u773c\u7736\u8fb9\u7f18\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u956b\u9aa8\u52a8\u8109\u7736\u4e0a\u5e72\u8fdc\u7aef\u7684\u773c\u7736\u90e8\u5206\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u6cea\u817a\u52a8\u8109\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u7736\u52a8\u8109\u5206\u652f\u3002\u73af\u7ed5\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u8109\u73af\u5934\u8179\u4fa7\u6bb5\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u773c\u52a8\u8109\u4e3b\u5e72\u4ece\u89c6\u795e\u7ecf\u8179\u4fa7\u8f6c\u5411\u80cc\u4fa7\u3002\u73bb\u7483\u4f53\u52a8\u8109\u5728\u80ce\u513f\u665a\u671f\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u4eba\u4e2d\u662f\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u4e2d\u592e\u52a8\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2479 \u5c0f\u8111\u524d\u3001\u540e\u4e0b\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u81ea\u690e\u52a8\u8109\u548c\u57fa\u5e95\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u73b0\u53ef\u8fa8\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe2-12 Padget\u7b2c7\u671f\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u77e2\u72b6\u4f4d\u89c2\u3002\u4eff\u81eaPadget(Padget, 1948)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u80ce\u513f\u671f\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2<\/p>\n
\u80ce\u513f\u671f\u6d89\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u6b96\uff08\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u751f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u80da\u671f\u5668\u5b98\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5468\u56f4\u8840\u7ba1\u7f51\u5411\u8111\u5b9e\u8d28\u7a7f\u900f(Lasjaunias 2001)\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u8111\u819c\uff08meninx primitiva\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u8840\u7ba1\u5316\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u51dd\u805a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8111\u7684\u5305\u819c\u3002\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u80ce\u513f\u671f\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8111\u5b9e\u8d28\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u7a81\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u795e\u7ecf\u7ba1\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba4\u7ba1\u819c\u4e0b\u533a\u57df\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u6b96\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc1\u79fb\u53d1\u80b2\uff0c\u8111\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u5f62\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7070\u8d28\u548c\u767d\u8d28\u5c42\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u5316\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5468\u56f4\u8840\u7ba1\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u6df1\u90e8\u8111\u5ba4\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u751f\u6b96\u533a\u3001\u57fa\u5e95\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u548c\u76ae\u5c42\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u7a7f\u900f\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8179\u4fa7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u80cc\u4fa7\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8111\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u79cd\u987a\u5e8f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u53d1\u80b2\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ee3\u8c22\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u76ae\u5c42\u751f\u957f\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u4f9b\u5e94\u9002\u5e94\u8111\u5bb9\u79ef\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u5207\u5411\u751f\u957f\u3002\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u8840\u5148\u5728\u8179\u4fa7\u533a\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u534a\u7403\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u57fa\u5e95\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u4e0e\u76ae\u5c42\u76f8\u6bd4\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u80ce\u513f\u671f\uff0c\u8840\u7ba1\u901a\u9053\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u6216\u9759\u8109\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u751f\u6b96\u57fa\u8d28\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6bdb\u7ec6\u8840\u7ba1\u548c\u7aa6\u72b6\u8840\u7ba1\u3002\u76ae\u5c42\u5185\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u767d\u8d28\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a2a\u7a7f\u76ae\u5c42\u5e76\u5728\u5ba4\u7ba1\u819c\u4e0b\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u58c1\u9996\u5148\u5728\u8111\u819c\u4fa7\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u57fa\u5e95\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u548c\u76ae\u5c42\u7684\u52a8\u8109\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u543b\u5408\u5f88\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8111\u5ba4\u5468\u56f4\u767d\u8d28\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u8109\u7edc\u4e1b\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\uff0c\u5ba4\u7ba1\u819c\u5c42\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u8840\u7ba1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u516d\u5bf9\u5f13\u52a8\u8109\u7684\u53d1\u80b2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5934\u3001\u9888\u90e8\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u63cf\u8ff0\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\uff0cPadget\u5c06\u80da\u671f\u5206\u4e3a\u4e03\u4e2a\u671f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u80ce\u513f\u671f\u5171\u516b\u4e2a\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5bf9\u516b\u4e2a\u671f\u7684\u8111\u52a8\u8109\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n
Bae SB, Kang EJ, Choo KS, Lee J, Kim SH, Lim KJ, & Kwon H. (2022). Aortic Arch Variants and Anomalies: Embryology, Imaging Findings, and Clinical Considerations.J Cardiovasc Imaging, 30(4), 231-262. <\/p>\n
Bertulli L, & Robert T. (2021). Embryological development of the human cranio-facial arterial system: a pictorial review.Surg Radiol Anat, 43(6), 961-973. <\/p>\n
Lasjaunias P, Berenstein A, & ter Brugge KG. (2001).Surgical Neuroangiography: Volume 1 Clinical Vascular Anatomy and Variations (2nd Edition Vol. 1). Berlin: Springer.<\/p>\n
Padget D. (1948). The development of the cranial arteries in the human embryoContributions to Embryology (Vol. 32, pp. 205-262). Baltimore: Lord Baltimore Press, Inc.<\/p>\n
\u8d75\u6c83\u534e<\/p>\n
\u534e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662<\/p>\n
\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u533b\u5e08\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u3002\u534e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n
1996\u5e74\u7855\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u540c\u6d4e\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\uff0c2000\u5e74\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u534e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5e08\u4ece\u8d75\u6d2a\u6d0b\u6559\u6388\u548c\u6731\u8d24\u7acb\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u663e\u5fae\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5728\u534e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e94\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8d74\u9996\u90fd\u533b\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u5317\u4eac\u5ba3\u6b66\u533b\u9662\u505a\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e08\u4ece\u51cc\u950b\u6559\u6388\u5b66\u4e60\u795e\u7ecf\u4ecb\u5165\u6280\u672f\u30022007\u5e74\u5e95\u56de\u5230\u534e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u534f\u548c\u533b\u9662\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u4e3b\u6301\u8111\u8840\u7ba1\u75c5\u4ecb\u5165\u548c\u624b\u672f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
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