{"id":40914,"date":"2024-09-13T20:10:21","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T20:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/?p=40914"},"modified":"2024-09-13T20:10:21","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T20:10:21","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e8%8a%82-%e6%8b%9f%e8%83%86%e7%a2%b1%e8%8d%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/?p=40914","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282 \u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

    \u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf,\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u836f\u7269,\u5305\u62ec\u9547\u9759,\u50ac\u7720,\u9547\u75db,\u4e2d\u67a2\u5174\u594b\u836f,\u6297\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u836f\u7b49\u7b49.\u800c\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf(PNS)\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u5468\u56f4\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5468\u8fb9\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u672b\u7a0d\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8054\u7cfb\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5168\u8eab\u5404\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u548c\u810a\u795e\u7ecf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8111\u548c\u810a\u9ad3\u65e2\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u8eab\u5668\u5b98\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c8\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u5404\u5668\u5b98\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6309\u6240\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u8eaf\u4f53\uff08\u8111\u548c\u810a\u795e\u7ecf\uff09\u548c\u5185\u810f\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7c7b\u53c8\u53ef\u6309\u7167\u4f20\u5bfc\u5174\u594b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u5206\u4e3a\u4f20\u5165\u548c\u4f20\u51fa\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u8eaf\u4f53\u548c\u5185\u810f\u7684\u4f20\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u652f\u914d\u9aa8\u9abc\u808c\u548c\u5185\u810f\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u7531\u4e2d\u67a2\u53d1\u51fa\u652f\u914d\u9aa8\u9abc\u808c\u7684\u4f20\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\uff0c\u5176\u7ec6\u80de\u4f53\u90fd\u5728\u810a\u9ad3\u6216\u8111\u5e72\u5185\uff0c\u5176\u8f74\u7a81\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u67a2\u90e8\u4f4d\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5230\u8fbe\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u652f\u914d\u7684\u808c\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4f46\u652f\u914d\u5185\u810f\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u4f20\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6bb5\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u53eb\u8282\u524d\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff0c\u5176\u80de\u4f53\u5728\u810a\u9ad3\u6216\u8111\u5e72\u5185\uff0c\u5176\u8f74\u7a81\u672b\u68a2\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u5916\u5468\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u5185\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u795e\u7ecf\u7684\u80de\u4f53\u53ca\u5176\u6811\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u7a81\u89e6\u8054\u7cfb\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u795e\u7ecf\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7531\u8be5\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5230\u8fbe\u6240\u652f\u914d\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u6545\u79f0\u8282\u540e\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3002\u4f20\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u662f\u5c06\u4e2d\u67a2\u7684\u5174\u594b\u4f20\u5230\u6548\u5e94\u5668\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u8eaf\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u6216\u8c03\u8282\u5185\u810f\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6545\u53c8\u79f0\u8fd0\u52a8\u795e\u7ecf\u3002\u5185\u810f\u8fd0\u52a8\u795e\u7ecf\u53c8\u79f0\u81ea\u4e3b\u795e\u7ecf\uff0c\u4ea6\u79f0\u690d\u7269\u6027\u795e\u7ecf\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u548c\u526f\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u3002\u5185\u810f\u5668\u5b98\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4ea4\u611f\u548c\u526f\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u53cc\u91cd\u652f\u914d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u52a0\u5f3a\u5185\u810f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684(\u5174\u594b\u6027\u795e\u7ecf)\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6291\u5236\u5185\u810f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684(\u6291\u5236\u6027\u795e\u7ecf)\u3002     <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u589e\u5f3a\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u4f34\u6709\u80be\u4e0a\u817a\u9ad3\u8d28\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u80be\u4e0a\u817a\u9ad3\u8d28\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u53d7\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u524d\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u652f\u914d\uff0c\u5176\u672b\u68a2\u91ca\u653e\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\uff1b    \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u526f\u4ea4\u611f\u795e\u7ecf\u8282\u524d\u548c\u8282\u540e\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6240\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u8baf\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u808c\u8089\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u8baf\u7531\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u91ca\u653e\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u6563\u81f3\u76f8\u90bb\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u65e6\u5230\u8fbe\u76f8\u90bb\u7ec6\u80de\u5c31\u523a\u6fc0\u5176\u4ea7\u751f\u5e94\u7b54\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u804c\u80fd\u662f\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u643a\u5e26\u4fe1\u53f7\u5230\u808c\u8089\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u8fd0\u52a8\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u5230\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6, \u5b83\u4fbf\u91ca\u653e\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u8fdb\u5165\u9644\u6709\u808c\u8089\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u3002\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u6253\u5f00\u808c\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u53d7\u4f53\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u6536\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6742\u3002\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u6e05\u9664\u7531\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4f20\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9996\u5f53\u5176\u51b2\u7684\u9776\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u836f\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u589e\u5f3a\u6216\u51cf\u5f31\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u548c\u6297\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002    \u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\uff08cholinergic drugs\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u836f\u7269\u3002\u521a\u521a\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7,\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u662f\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u836f\u7269\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9776\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00,\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\uff08acetylcholine\uff0cAch\uff09\u662f\u7531\u80c6\u78b1\uff08choline\uff09\u548c\u4e59\u9170\u8f85\u9176A\uff08AcetylCoA\uff09\u5728\u80c6\u78b1\u4e59\u9170\u79fb\u4f4d\u9176\uff08\u80c6\u78b1\u4e59\u9170\u5316\u9176\uff1bCholine acetyltransferase(CAT)\uff09\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u5408\u6210\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u9176\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u80de\u6d46\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u5728\u80de\u6d46\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u540e\u7531\u5c0f\u6ce1\u6444\u53d6\u5e76\u8d2e\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5728\u5916\u754c\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\uff0c\u9499\u901a\u9053\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u9499\u79bb\u5b50\u6d41\u5165\u6ce1\u6d46\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e0e\u5c0f\u6ce1\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5c0f\u6ce1\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u819c\u878d\u5408\uff0cAch\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002Ach\u548c\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u819c\u7684\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\uff08Cholinoceptors\uff09\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\u6bd2\u8548\u78b1\u578b\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u5373M-\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53(M1;M2;M3;M4;M5)\u548c\u70df\u78b1\u578b\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u5373N-\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53(N1,N2)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u5165\u624b\u7814\u7a76\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u7684\u8bdd,\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u4f7f\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6d3b\u5316,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6839\u636e\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b,\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ecM-\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u548cN-\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242,\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662fM\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u3002\u7531\u4e8eM\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u5b58\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u4e9a\u578b,\u5176\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u5bf9\u4e9a\u578b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e,\u4e5f\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u76ee\u524dM\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e9a\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u578b\u9ad8\uff0c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5c0f\u7684\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76,\u7279\u522b\u662fM1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8f83\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u6297\u75f4\u5446\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5360\u8bfa\u7f8e\u6797\uff08Xanomeline\uff09\u662f\u6bd2\u8548\u78b1M1\u53d7\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\uff0c\u5bf9M2\uff0cM3\uff0cM4\uff0cM5\u53d7\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u5f31\uff0c\u6613\u900f\u8fc7\u8840\u8111\u5c4f\u969c\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6700\u9ad8\u7684M1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u670d\u7528\u672c\u54c1\u540e\uff0cAD\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u660e\u663e\u6539\u5584\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u80c3\u80a0\u4e0d\u9002\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u65ad\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u9636\u6bb5\u3002    M\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u6309\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u7c7b\u548c\u751f\u7269\u78b1\u7c7b\u3002\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u7c7b\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u4e3a\u5148\u5bfc\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u9020,\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5408\u6210\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u6c2f\u8d1d\u80c6\u78b1\uff0c\u6c2f\u918b\u7532\u80c6\u78b1\uff08methacholine chloride\uff09\uff0c\u5361\u5df4\u80c6\u78b1\uff08carbachol\uff09\uff0c\u6c2f\u7532\u9170\u7532\u80c6\u78b1\uff08bethanechol chloride\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u751f\u7269\u78b1\u7c7b\u5219\u662f\u4ece\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u751f\u7269\u78b1\u6216\u5176\u5408\u6210\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7269,\u5982\u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u78b1\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cAch\u548c\u5728\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u819c\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u53d7\u4f53(autoreceptor)\uff08M2-receptor\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u6291\u5236\u4e86Ach\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u548c\u5408\u6210\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684Ach\u88ab\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176cholinesterase(AChE)\u5feb\u901f\u5206\u89e3\u3002    \u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u5165\u624b,\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176,\u8fbe\u5230\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e86,\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u589e\u5f3a\u6216\u51cf\u5f31\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4ece\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u548c\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u5165\u624b\u4e4b\u5916,\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5408\u6210\u3001\u8d2e\u5b58\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u3001\u4ee3\u8c22\u7b49\u73af\u8282\u5165\u624b,\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u662f\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u548c\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u6291\u5236\u5242\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u5bf9\u80c6\u78b1\u80fd\u53d7\u4f53\u65e0\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5927\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7269\u5229\u7528\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff08\u5b63\u80fa\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u6613\u900f\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u819c\uff09;\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u916f\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u3001\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u3001\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u6613\u6c34\u89e3\u5931\u53bb\u6d3b\u6027\u7b49,\u79cd\u79cd\u7f3a\u70b9\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c,\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u5bfc\u5316\u5408\u7269,\u5bf9\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9020\u3002    \u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u5206\u5b50\u53ef\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b63\u94f5\u57fa\u3001\u4e9a\u4e59\u57fa\u6865\u3001\u4e59\u9170\u6c27\u57fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6784\u6548\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5b63\u94f5\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u5b63\u94f5\u6c2e\u4e0a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u4ee5\u7532\u57fa\u4e3a\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u6c22\u6216\u5927\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\u6d3b\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e9a\u4e59\u57fa\u6865,\u4ee5\u4e24\u4e2a\u70ad\u539f\u5b50\u6700\u597d,\u5982\u679c\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u968f\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0b\u964d\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e9a\u4e59\u57fa\u6865\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7532\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728?\u4f4d\uff08\u4ece\u6c28\u57fa\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u6784\u8c61\u4e0e\u6bd2\u6f6d\u78b1\u6d3b\u6027\u6784\u8c61\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5M\u6837\u4f5c\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\uff0cN\u6837\u4f5c\u7528\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9009\u62e9\u6027M\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u6c2f\u918b\u7532\u80c6\u78b1\uff08methacholine chloride\uff09\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u53e3\u8154\u7c98\u819c\u5e72\u71e5\u75c7\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5728\u03b1\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u4f5c\u7528\u6070\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cN\u5927\u4e8eM\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5c31\u4e59\u9170\u6c27\u57fa\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5f53\u4e59\u9170\u57fa\u4e3a\u4e19\u9170\u57fa\u548c\u4e01\u9170\u57fa\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u540c\u7cfb\u7269\u53d6\u4ee3\u65f6\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\uff1b\u5f53\u4e59\u9170\u57fa\u4e0a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u88ab\u82b3\u73af\u6216\u8f83\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u53d6\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u5219\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6297\u80c6\u78b1\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64,\u6709\u4eba\u5c31\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e94\u539f\u5b50\u89c4\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u7269\u4e2d,\u5728\u5b63\u94f5\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e59\u9170\u57fa\u672b\u7aef\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08H\uff0dC\uff0dC\uff0dO\uff0dC\uff0dC\uff0dN\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u6d3b\u6027\u3002    \u56e0\u6b64,\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e94\u539f\u5b50\u89c4\u5219?\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6784\u6548\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u5e76\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e59\u9170\u6c27\u57fa\u5c31\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u5fc5\u9700\u57fa\u56e2\u5462\uff1f\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u5b58\u5728\u916f\u952e\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6c34\u89e3\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u70b9\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u6613\u6c34\u89e3\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e59\u9170\u6c27\u57fa\u3002\u5982\u5361\u5df4\u80c6\u78b1\uff08carbachol\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c28\u7532\u9170\u57fa\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e59\u9170\u57fa\uff0c\u6c28\u7532\u9170\u57fa\u7531\u4e8e\u6c2e\u4e0a\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5176\u7fb0\u57fa\u78b3\u7684\u4eb2\u7535\u6027\u8f83\u4e59\u9170\u57fa\u4e3a\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u9176\u4fc3\u6c34\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6c2f\u918b\u7532\u80c6\u78b1\u548c\u5361\u5df4\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6c2f\u8d1d\u80c6\u78b1\uff08bethanechol chloride\uff09\uff0c\u4e3aM\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u548c\u8180\u80f1\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u6536\u7f29\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u53ca\u8180\u80f1\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u4f5c\u7528\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u5bf9\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u5f31\u3002\u56e0\u5728\u4f53\u5185\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u6545\u4f5c\u7528\u6301\u4e45\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u624b\u672f\u540e\u8179\u6c14\u80c0\u3001\u5c3f\u6f74\u7559\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u6216\u8180\u80f1\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u3002    \u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u773c\u5185\u538b\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u9752\u5149\u773c\uff1b\u7f13\u89e3\u808c\u65e0\u529b\uff1b\u6cbb\u7597\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u8001\u5e74\u6027\u75f4\u5446\uff1b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u5417\u5561\u6837\u9547\u75db\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6b62\u75db\uff1b\u5177\u6709N\u6837\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u62df\u80c6\u78b1\u836f\u8fd8\u53ef\u7f13\u89e3\u5e15\u91d1\u68ee\u75c7\u3002    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6c2f\u8d1d\u80c6\u78b1\u3002    \u4e00\u3001M\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242    \u6c2f\u8d1d\u80c6\u78b1\u3000bethanechol chloride<\/p>\n

\u5316\u5b66\u540d\u4e3a(\u00b1)-\u6c2f\u5316N,N,N-\u4e09\u7532\u57fa-2-\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9170\u6c27\u57fa-1-\u4e19\u94f5((\u00b1)-2-[(aminocarbonyl) oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride)\u3002<\/p>\n

    bethanechol chloride\u4e3aM\u80c6\u78b1\u53d7\u4f53\u6fc0\u52a8\u5242\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u548c\u8180\u80f1\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u51e0\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u6c34\u89e3\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8f83\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u957f\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u624b\u672f\u540e\u8179\u6c14\u80c0\u3001\u5c3f\u6f74\u7559\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u6216\u8180\u80f1\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u3002    \u7531\u6c2f\u4ee3\u5f02\u4e19\u9187\u4e0e\u5149\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u9170\u80fa\u5316\u548c\u6c28\u89e3\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5236\u5f97bethanechol chloride\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e34\u5e8a\u7528\u9014\uff1a    \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u624b\u672f\u540e\u8179\u6c14\u80c0\u3001\u5c3f\u6f74\u7559\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u80c3\u80a0\u9053\u6216\u8180\u80f1\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u3002    \u4ee3\u8868\u836f\u7269\uff1a    \u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u78b1<\/p>\n

(3S-cis)-3-\u4e59\u57fa-\u4e8c\u6c22-4-[(1-\u7532\u57fa-1H-5-\u54aa\u5511\u57fa)\u7532\u57fa]-2(3H)-\u544b\u5583\u916e(3S-cis)-3-ethyl-dihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-furanone<\/p>\n

    \u7406\u5316\u6027\u8d28\uff1a    \u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u78b1\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u916f\u73af\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53ef\u88ab\u6c34\u89e3\u5f00\u73af\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u65e0\u836f\u7406\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u9178\u94a0\u76d0\u800c\u6eb6\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u78b1\u7684C-3\uff08S\uff09\u4f4d\u53d1\u751f\u5dee\u5411\u5f02\u6784\u5316\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u65e0\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u5f02\u6bdb\u679c\u82b8\u9999\u78b1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u6291\u5236\u5242    \u5b9a\u4e49:\u8be5\u836f\u80fd\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u79ef\u805a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5ef6\u957f\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u53c8\u79f0\u6297\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u836f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4ee3\u8868\u836f\u7269\uff1a    \u6eb4\u65b0\u65af\u7684\u660e\u3000neostigmine bromide<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u6eb4\u5316N,N,N-\u4e09\u7532\u57fa-3-[(\u4e8c\u7532\u6c28\u57fa)\u7532\u9170\u6c27\u57fa]\u82ef\u94f5    (3-[[(dimethylamino) carbonyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium bromide)\u3002    neostigmine\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u80c6\u78b1\u916f\u9176\u6291\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e38\u7528neostigmine bromide\u4f9b\u53e3\u670d\uff0c\u7532\u786b\u9178\u65b0\u65af\u7684\u660e\uff08neostigmine methylsulfate\uff09\u4f9b\u6ce8\u5c04\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u75c7\u808c\u65e0\u529b\u548c\u672f\u540e\u8179\u6c14\u80c0\u53ca\u5c3f\u6f74\u7559\u3002\u5927\u5242\u91cf\u65f6\u53ef\u5f15\u8d77\u6076\u5fc3\u3001\u5455\u5410\u3001\u8179\u6cfb\u3001\u6d41\u6cea\u3001\u6d41\u6d8e\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u963f\u6258\u54c1\u5bf9\u6297\u3002    neostigmine\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u5b63\u94f5\u78b1\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u90e8\u5206\u3001\u82b3\u9999\u73af\u90e8\u5206\u53ca\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9178\u916f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u662fBr\uff0d\u6216CH3SO4\uff0d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u7531\u4e8e\u6c2e\u4e0a\u5b64\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5176\u6c34\u89e3\u91ca\u51fa\u539f\u9176\u548c\u4e8c\u7532\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9178\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u800c\u4e59\u9170\u5316\u9176\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u79ef\u805a\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u5e76\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8eAChE\u53ef\u9006\u6291\u5236\u5242\u3002    neostigmine bromide\u53e3\u670d\u540e\u5728\u80a0\u5185\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u6545\u53e3\u670d\u5242\u91cf\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u6ce8\u5c04\u5242\u91cf\u3002\u53e3\u670d\u540e\u5c3f\u6db2\u5185\u65e0\u539f\u578b\u836f\u7269\u6392\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u68c0\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u916f\u6c34\u89e3\u4ea7\u7269\u6eb4\u53163-\u7f9f\u57fa\u82ef\u57fa\u4e09\u7532\u94f5\uff083-hydroxyphenyl trimethylamininm bromide\uff09\u3002    neostigmine bromide\u52a0\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u52a0\u70ed\u5373\u6c34\u89e3\u751f\u6210\u95f4\u4e8c\u7532\u6c28\u57fa\u915a\u94a0\u76d0\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u91cd\u6c2e\u82ef\u78fa\u9178\u8bd5\u6db2\u540e\uff0c\u5076\u5408\u6210\u5076\u6c2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u800c\u663e\u7ea2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u95f4\u6c28\u57fa\u82ef\u915a\u4e3a\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u7ecf\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u3001\u6210\u76d0\u540e\u4e0e\u4e8c\u7532\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9170\u6c2f\u6210\u916f\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u5b63\u94f5\u5316\u5373\u53ef\u5236\u5f97neostigmine bromide\u3002\u6210\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u5982\u672a\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u6eb4\u53163-\u7f9f\u57fa\u82ef\u57fa\u4e09\u7532\u94f5\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7d2b\u5916\u5206\u5149\u5149\u5ea6\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u57281%\u78b3\u9178\u94a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c294nm\u6ce2\u957f\u5904\u7684\u5438\u6536\u4e0d\u5f97\u5927\u4e8e0.25\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u7898\u89e3\u78f7\u5b9a<\/p>\n

\u7898\u53162-\uff3b(\u7f9f\u4e9a\u6c28\u57fa)\u7532\u57fa\uff3d-1-\u7532\u57fa\u5421\u5576<\/p>\n

    1\uff09\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a    \u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a,\u89c1\u5149\u6613\u5206\u89e3\u53d8\u8d28\u4f7f\u6eb6\u6db2\u53d8\u9ec4\u8272,\u7f6e\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u89c1\u5149\u53ef\u7f13\u6162\u6c27\u5316\u6790\u51fa\u7898\u3002\u5176\u6ce8\u5c04\u6db2\u5e38\u52a05%\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u4f5c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5242,\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6e38\u79bb\u7898\u7684\u6790\u51fa\u3002    \u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u5728pH4~5\u65f6\u6700\u7a33\u5b9a,\u504f\u9ad8\u6216\u504f\u4f4e\u5747\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6c34\u89e3,\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u4e5f\u52a0\u901f\u5176\u6c34\u89e3\u3002    \u4e3a\u5b63\u94f5\u76d0\u7c7b,\u53ef\u4e0e\u7898\u5316\u94cb\u94be\u8bd5\u6db2\u4f5c\u7528,\u4ea7\u751f\u7ea2\u68d5\u8272\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002    \u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528: \u6709\u673a\u78f7\u6bd2\u5242\u7684\u89e3\u6bd2\u5242<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5916\u5468\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf,\u524d … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-70"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=40914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40914\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=40914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=40914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zydq.1006ss.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=40914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}