\u6587\u732e\u590d\u4e60\uff1a\u6797\u98de\u71d5<\/p>\n
\u56fe\u6587\u6392\u7248\uff1a\u5415\u4f5c\u8861<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53<\/p>\n
1.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff08melanosome\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6eb6\u9176\u4f53\u6837\u819c\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u6838\u5468\u7684\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5408\u6210\u9ed1\u7d20\u9897\u7c92[1]\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u53ef\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8131\u843d\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u4ee5\u56ca\u6ce1\u5f62\u5f0f\u88ab\u6392\u51fa\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u8f93\u9001\u5230\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5916\u6ccc\u4f53\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u643a\u5e26\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3001\u8102\u8d28\u53ca\u6838\u9178\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u80de\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\uff1a\u8868\u76ae\/\u6bdb\u56ca\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\uff08Epidermal\/Follicular melanocytes\uff09\u3001\u773c\u775b\u7684\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\uff08Choroidal melanocytes\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u8272\u7d20\u4e0a\u76ae\u7ec6\u80de\uff08Retinal pigment epithelial cells\uff09\u4e2d[2] \u3002<\/p>\n
\u8868\u76ae\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u4ece\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u5934\u53d1\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6027\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u7740\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8109\u7edc\u819c\u5728\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u540e\u65b9 <\/p>\n
\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u8272\u7d20\u4e0a\u76ae\uff08RPE\uff09<\/p>\n
3.\u591a\u79cd\u9ed1\u7d20\u5408\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u9176\u76f8\u7ee7\u88c5\u914d\u5165\u56ca\u6ce1\u5185\u5e76\u88ab\u6709\u6b65\u9aa4\u5730\u6d3b\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u9ed1\u7d20\u5408\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5206\u671f<\/p>\n
1.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u671f[1]\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u2160\u671f\uff1a\u56ca\u6ce1\u6837\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u6d3b\u52a8\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u5c1a\u65e0\u9ed1\u7d20\u5f62\u6210\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2461\u2161\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u5fae\u4e1d\u86cb\u767d\u4ea4\u7ec7\u6210\u7247\uff1b\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u4ecd\u65e0\u9ed1\u7d20\u5f62\u6210\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2462\u2162\u671f\uff0c\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u9ed1\u7d20\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u592a\u7530\u75e3\u4ee5\u2162\u671f\u4e3a\u4e3b[3]\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2463\u2163\u671f\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u9ed1\u7d20\uff0c\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u5df2\u65e0\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u9ed1\u7d20\u5316\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u80a4\u8272\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u5728\u767d\u79cd\u4eba\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u2163\u671f\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6d45\u8272\u76ae\u80a4\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u4f53\u4ee5\u819c\u7ed3\u5408\u7c07\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u5e03[4]\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2461\u9ed1\u79cd\u4eba\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u2163\u671f\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53[4]\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2462\u9ec4\u79cd\u4eba\u5219\u4ecb\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u53ef\u89c1\u5230\u5404\u671f\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u79cd\u89d2\u8d28\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u8272\u7d20\u5206\u5e03[4]<\/p>\n
\u9ed1\u4eba\uff08a\uff0cd\uff09\u9ec4\u79cd\u4eba\uff08b\uff0ce\uff09\u767d\u4eba\uff08c\uff0cf\uff09<\/p>\n
\u2463\u9ed1\u7d20\u9897\u7c92\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4f18\u9ed1\u7d20\uff08eumelanin\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u771f\u9ed1\u7d20\u6216\u68d5\/\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\uff0c\u5e95\u7269\u53ea\u6709\u916a\u6c28\u9178\uff09\u548c\u68d5\u9ed1\u7d20\uff08pheomelanin\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u7ea2\/\u9ec4\u8272\u7d20\uff0c\u5e95\u7269\u4e3a\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u3001\u534a\u80f1\u6c28\u9178\uff09[5]\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93<\/p>\n
1.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5728\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u8f6c\u8fd0[6]\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u7ecf\u5fae\u7ba1\u548c\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u5fae\u4e1d\uff0c\u4ece\u6838\u5468\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u8fb9\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2461\u6cbf\u7740\u5fae\u7ba1\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u52a8\u529b\u86cb\u767d\u9a71\u52a8\u5411\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9a71\u52a8\u86cb\u767d-1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6811\u7a81\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u901a\u8fc7\u6cbf\u7740\u76ae\u8d28\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u4e1d\u7684\u808c\u7403\u86cb\u767d-Va\u6d3b\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0[7]\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2462\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u6cbf\u5fae\u7ba1\u8fd0\u52a8\u5230\u6811\u7a81\u5904\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u5fae\u4e1d\u4e0a\u505a\u5355\u5411\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u505c\u7559\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u8fb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2463\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u808c\u7403\u86cb\u767dVa\u2212\u7684\u5c0f\u9f20\u76ae\u80a4\u4e2d\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a1.5 \u03bcm\/s\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u6027\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5fae\u7ba1\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u8f93\uff1b\u800c\u95f4\u6b47\u6027\u3001\u975e\u5fae\u7ba1\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u7684\u3001\u7ea60.14\u03bcm\/s\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u201c\u7f13\u6162\u201d\u8fd0\u52a8\u4ec5\u5728\u91ce\u751f\u578b\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1[8]\u3002\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5728\u4f4e\u7b49\u51b7\u8840\u7684\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u9006\u5730\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u6838\u5468\u6216\u8005\u6269\u6563\u5f00\uff08\u8017\u65f630min\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u53c8\u5feb\u53c8\u53ef\u9006[9]\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2464\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u54fa\u4e73\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u201c\u4e0d\u8d70\u56de\u5934\u8def\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d Va\uff08myosin Va\uff0c\u4e0b\u6587\u6709\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff09 \u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u6355\u83b7\u5916\u56f4\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u5c0f\u9f20\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u79bb\u5fc3\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u5916\u5468\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u673a\u5236[8]\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u80de\u5185\u8f6c\u79fb\u76f8\u5173\u86cb\u767d\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460Rab27a\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u8f6c\u8fd0\u5230\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6811\u7a81\u672b\u68a2\u4e2d\u8d77\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528[10]\u3002<\/p>\n
Rab27a-null \u7070\u767d\u8272\u7a81\u53d8\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6838\u5468<\/p>\n
\u2461melanophilin\uff1a\u4e00\u79cdRab27a\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u6216\u6548\u5e94\u5668\uff0c\u7531Mlph\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u7801[11]\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2462myosin Va\uff1a\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5916\u5468\u808c\u6d46\u7403\u86cb\u767dVa\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u808c\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u8d85\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u5fae\u4e1d\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6c34\u89e3ATP\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5728\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u5468\u7684\u505c\u7559\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4f9d\u9760\u5fae\u7ba1\u6cbf\u7740\u6811\u7a81\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u8fd0\u52a8\u5411\u6811\u7a81\u672b\u68a2\u8fd0\u8f93\u9ed1\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e27\u5931\u5bfc\u81f4\u5468\u56f4\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u7684\u6838\u5468\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u5916\u5468[8]\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u4ece\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u8f6c\u8fd0\u5230\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5047\u8bf4[1]\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u80de\u5410\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u80de\u5410\u91ca\u653e\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff0c\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u541e\u5165\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2461\u541e\u566c\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u541e\u566c\u4f5c\u7528\u541e\u566c\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8fdc\u7aef\u6811\u7a81\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5c06\u541e\u566c\u7684\u6811\u7a81\u878d\u5408\u5165\u80de\u5185\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2462\u878d\u5408\u4f20\u9012\uff1a\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u690d\u5165\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2463\u901a\u9053\u4f20\u9012\uff1a\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u80de\u819c\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b54\u9053\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u5f97\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6e38\u79bb\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u8fdb\u5165\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b[12]<\/p>\n
4.\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u80de\u5916\u8f6c\u79fb\u76f8\u5173\u86cb\u767d[1]\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u53d7\u4f53-2\uff08PAR-2\uff09\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cPAR-2\u662f\u9ed1\u7d20\u5c0f\u4f53\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8c03\u8282\u5242\uff0c\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5728\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53d7\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2461\u9499\u9ecf\u7d20\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u9499\u79bb\u5b50\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7ec6\u80de\u95f4\u9ecf\u9644\u7684\u7cd6\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u89d2\u8d28\u5f62\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u63a5\u5408\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0cE-\u9499\u9ecf\u7d20\u4e0eP-\u9499\u9ecf\u7d20\u8868\u8fbe\u5728\u9ed1\u7d20\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2462\u5916\u6e90\u51dd\u96c6\u7d20\uff1a\u5728\u4ecb\u5bfc\u819c\u878d\u5408\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2463SNAP\u86cb\u767d\uff1a\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027N-\u4e59\u57fa\u9a6c\u6765\u9170\u4e9a\u80fa\u654f\u611f\u6027\u878d\u5408\u86cb\u767d\u9ecf\u9644\u86cb\u767d\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u4e34\u5e8a\u76f8\u5173\uff1a<\/p>\n
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\u4e0d\u540c\u9776\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u70ed\u5f1b\u8c6b\u65f6\u95f4[16]<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5149\u70ed\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9776\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u8109\u51b2\u5bbd\u5ea6[3]<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n
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\u9093\u4e39\u742a \u4e3b\u7f16\u8457.\u76ae\u80a4\u6027\u75c5\u5b66\uff08\u7b2c4\u7248\uff09.\u4eba\u6c11\u536b\u751f\u51fa\u7248\u793e.2018.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5f20\u5a49\u840d \u4e3b\u7f16\u8457.\u5316\u5986\u54c1\u914d\u65b9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f.\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e.2018.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u65b9\u6d2a\u5143 \u4e3b\u7f16\u8457.\u6731\u5fb7\u751f\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\u5b66\uff08\u7b2c5\u7248\uff09.\u4eba\u6c11\u536b\u751f\u51fa\u7248\u793e.2020.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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