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1 \u7ecf\u5178\u540d\u65b9\u7528\u91cf\u4e0e\u914d\u4f0d<\/h2>\n

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2 \u540d\u8001\u4e2d\u533b\u7528\u91cf\u4e0e\u914d\u4f0d\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/h2>\n

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3 \u65b9\u836f\u91cf\u6548\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e13\u5bb6\u7528\u91cf\u4e0e\u914d\u4f0d<\/h2>\n

\u9ec4\u714c\u8003\u8651\u6cfd\u6f06\u4e00\u836f\uff0c\u9010\u6c34\u4e4b\u529b\u8f83\u5cfb\uff0c\u800c\u6bd2\u6027\u53c8\u6bd4\u7518\u9042\u3001\u5927\u621f\u5f31\uff0c\u884c\u6c34\u800c\u4e0d\u4f24\u6b63\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u865a\u5b9e\u5939\u6742\u3001\u6b63\u865a\u6c34\u505c\u8005\uff0c\u9042\u9009\u7528\u6cfd\u6f06\u6c64\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6cbb\u7597\u8179\u6c34\u5408\u5e76\u80f8\u6c34\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d2b\u83c0\u6e29\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u767d\u524d\u5ba3\u80ba\u964d\u6c14\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u4e8c\u836f\u914d\u4f0d\u5171\u594f\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u591a\u4e3a10 g[15]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4edd\u5c0f\u6797\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51c9\u71e5\u975e\u71e5\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e43\u9633\u6c14\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u84b8\u5316\u6d25\u6db2\uff0c\u5e03\u6563\u6ecb\u6da6\u5168\u8eab\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u76ae\u80a4\u3001\u9ecf\u819c\u3001\u4e94\u5b98\u7684\u5e72\u71e5\u8bf8\u75c7\uff0c\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u51c9\u71e5\u4e45\u54b3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6d88\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u8f9b\u6e29\u800c\u6da6\uff0c\u5171\u594f\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u4e3a15 g[16]\uff1b\u4edd\u5c0f\u6797\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u6cbb\u7597\u80ba\u90e8\u75be\u75c5\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u628a\u63e1\u80ba\u6c14\u7684\u5ba3\u53d1\u8083\u964d\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u9006\u8005\u5e73\u4e4b\u201d\u201c\u5bd2\u8005\u70ed\u4e4b\uff0c\u70ed\u8005\u5bd2\u4e4b\u201d\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u9009\u65b9\u7528\u836f\uff0c\u5584\u7528\u5c04\u5e72\u9ebb\u9ec4\u6c64\u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\u591a\u79cd\u547c\u5438\u9053\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5982\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u54ee\u5598\u3001\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u708e\u3001\u80ba\u95f4\u8d28\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5316\u7b49\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\uff0c\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u4e0b\u6c14\uff0c\u4e8c\u836f\u914d\u4f0d\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u4e4b\u529f\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c015\uff5e30 g\uff0c30 g \u5c45\u591a[17]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u674e\u65b0\u6c11\u6293\u4f4f\u6e7f\u75b9\u201c\u813e\u5931\u5065\u8fd0\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6e7f\u6d4a\u56f0\u963b\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u53d1\u75c5\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u9ebb\u9ec4\u8fde\u7fd8\u8d64\u5c0f\u8c46\u6c64\u5408\u85ff\u9999\u6b63\u6c14\u6563\u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u6e7f\u75b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u6d59\u8d1d\u6bcd\u6e05\u70ed\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u5171\u594f\u5316\u75f0\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u591a\u4e3a10 g[18]\uff1b\u674e\u65b0\u6c11\u5e38\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u3001\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u89d2\u836f\u7ec4\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u80ba\u7cfb\u75be\u75c5\u4e45\u54b3\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u767e\u90e8\u6da6\u80ba\u3001\u524d\u80e1\u964d\u6c14\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u836f\u6027\u504f\u5e73\u548c\uff0c\u80fd\u6da6\u80ba\u3001\u964d\u6c14\u3001\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u56e0\u5c0f\u513f\u6613\u611f\uff0c\u517c\u8f9b\u5473\u987e\u62a4\u536b\u8868\uff0c\u6700\u548c\u5c0f\u513f\u4f53\u8d28\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u591a\u4e3a10 g[19-20]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u738b\u96ea\u5cf0\u6307\u51fa\u996e\u98df\u4e0d\u8282\u548c\u60c5\u5fd7\u4e0d\u8c03\u662f\u706b\u55fd\u4e3b\u8981\u81f4\u75c5\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u80ba\u7684\u5ba3\u53d1\u8083\u964d\u529f\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u809d\u706b\u3001\u98df\u79ef\u8fdb\u884c\u8bba\u6cbb\uff0c\u6cbb\u4ee5\u5065\u813e\u5316\u98df\u3001\u6e05\u809d\u517b\u80ba\u3001\u5ba3\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u7528\u6851\u83ca\u996e\u548c\u4fdd\u548c\u4e38\u52a0\u51cf\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u706b\u55fd\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u8f9b\u6e29\uff0c\u6da6\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u674f\u4ec1\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u591a\u4e3a2\uff5e3 g[21]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u738b\u952e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80ba\u764c\u75c5\u6027\u603b\u5c5e\u672c\u865a\u6807\u5b9e\uff0c\u75c5\u56e0\u5728\u6bd2\uff0c\u6b63\u6c14\u4e8f\u865a\uff0c\u6c14\u6ede\u75f0\u51dd\u8840\u7600\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u75c5\u673a\uff1b\u6cbb\u7597\u5e94\u5148\u6276\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fa\u672c\u57f9\u5143\u6cbb\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u795b\u7600\uff0c\u89e3\u6bd2\u6297\u764c\uff0c\u517c\u4ee5\u8c03\u7545\u60a3\u8005\u6c14\u673a\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u80ba\u764c\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u5171\u594f\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7528\u91cf10\uff5e12 g[22]\uff1b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u6162\u6027\u671f\u75c5\u673a\u91cd\u70b9\u4e3a\u80ba\u9634\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6c14\u5931\u8083\u964d\u3002\u6cbb\u5b9c\u6da6\u80ba\u517b\u9634\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u80ba\u75e8\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u5171\u594f\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7528\u91cf\u591a\u4e3a10 g[23]\u3002<\/p>\n

4 \u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5bb6\u7528\u91cf\u4e0e\u914d\u4f0d<\/h2>\n

4.1 \u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u90b9\u5fb7\u741b\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6cbb\u7597\u98ce\u5bd2\u72af\u80ba\u3001\u8868\u8bc1\u6c57\u51fa\u4e4b\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6d88\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff1b\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u6da6\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5e38\u7528\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a15 g\uff0c\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u4e3a20 g[24]\uff1b\u97e9\u660e\u5411\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u6cbb\u7597\u6162\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5473\u82e6\u3001\u7518\uff0c\u6027\u5fae\u6e29\uff0c\u6709\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5316\u75f0\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u54b3\u55fd\u6c14\u9006\u3001\u54af\u75f0\u4e0d\u723d\u7b49\u75c7\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u80ba\u6c14\u90c1\u6ede\u4e4b\u54b3\u9006\u3002\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u5473\u8f9b\u3001\u82e6\uff0c\u6027\u6e29\uff0c\u6709\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u3001\u6d88\u75f0\u4e0b\u6c14\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u54b3\u55fd\u6c14\u5598\u3001\u591a\u75f0\u7b49\u75c7\uff0c\u5bf9\u504f\u5bd2\u4e45\u54b3\u5c24\u4e3a\u9002\u5b9c\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u914d\u4f0d\u5ba3\u80ba\u6da6\u80ba\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u795b\u75f0\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u65b0\u75c5\u4e45\u75c5\u3001\u5185\u4f24\u5916\u611f\u3001\u5bd2\u70ed\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u914d\u4f0d\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u6b3e\u51ac\u82b1\u4e3a10 g[25]\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 \u914d\u4f0d\u85c1\u672c\u3001\u8513\u8346\u5b50\u3001\u67f4\u80e1\u3001\u5ddd\u828e\u5218\u534e\u73cd\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u85c1\u672c\u3001\u8513\u8346\u5b50\u3001\u67f4\u80e1\u3001\u5ddd\u828e\u6cbb\u7597\u5934\u75db\u3001\u80f8\u80c1\u8118\u8179\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6b62\u75db\u529f\u6548\u5f52\u4e8e\u201c\u6027\u6e29\u6da6\u82e6\u6cc4\uff0c\u4e3b\u54b3\u9006\u4e0a\u6c14\uff0c\u80f8\u4e2d\u5bd2\u70ed\u7ed3\u6c14\uff0c\u8c03\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u201d\uff08\u300a\u672c\u7ecf\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u85c1\u672c\u795b\u98ce\u6563\u5bd2\u3001\u9664\u6e7f\u6b62\u75db\uff0c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u53a5\u9634\u5934\u75db\u5f15\u7ecf\u836f\uff1b\u8513\u8346\u5b50\u758f\u6563\u98ce\u70ed\u3001\u6e05\u5229\u5934\u76ee\uff0c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u592a\u9633\u5934\u75db\u5f15\u7ecf\u836f\uff1b\u67f4\u80e1\u758f\u809d\u89e3\u90c1\u3001\u548c\u89e3\u5c11\u9633\uff0c\u5ddd\u828e\u5584\u884c\u5934\u76ee\uff0c\u6d3b\u8840\u901a\u7a8d\uff0c\u795b\u98ce\u6b62\u75db\uff0c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u5c11\u9633\u5934\u75db\u5f15\u7ecf\u836f\uff0c\u8bf8\u836f\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u6b62\u75db\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5e38\u7528\u5242\u91cf20\uff5e30 g\uff0c\u85c1\u672c12 g\uff0c\u8513\u8346\u5b5010 g\uff0c\u67f4\u80e115 g\uff0c\u5ddd\u828e12 g[26]\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u914d\u4f0d\u767e\u90e8\u9648\u7956\u768b\u81ea\u62df\u65b9\u9547\u809d\u67d4\u80ba\u6c64\uff08\u4ee3\u8d6d\u77f325 g\uff0c\u77f3\u51b3\u660e25 g\uff0c\u7099\u7d2b\u83c010 g\uff0c\u7099\u767e\u90e810 g \u7b49\uff09\u6cbb\u7597\u809d\u54b3\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u5584\u4e8e\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5e38\u7528\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u4e3a10 g[27]\u3002\u5218\u6c38\u5e73\u8fd0\u7528\u76ca\u6c14\u6e29\u9633\u836f\u6276\u6b63\u795b\u90aa\u6cbb\u7597\u6162\u6027\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u708e\uff08\u75f0\u6d4a\u963b\u80ba\u3001\u813e\u80be\u4e24\u865a\u8bc1\uff09\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\uff0c\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u6da6\u80ba\u4e0b\u6c14\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u4ee5\u5316\u75f0\u4e0b\u6c14\u3001\u6b62\u54b3\u5e73\u5598\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u4e3a15 g[28]\u3002\u8d75\u6c38\u521a\u7528\u52a0\u5473\u767e\u90e8\u6c64\uff08\u7099\u767e\u90e8\u3001\u8c61\u8d1d\u6bcd\u3001\u7d2b\u83c0\u7b49\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u7a74\u4f4d\u6577\u8d34\u6cbb\u7597\u5c0f\u513f\u54b3\u55fd\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u6548\u7387\u4e3a88.9%\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u7518\u6da6\u82e6\u6cc4\uff0c\u6da6\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u7518\u6da6\u82e6\u964d\uff0c\u529f\u4e13\u6da6\u80ba\u6b62\u54b3\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u5171\u594f\u6da6\u80ba\u5316\u75f0\u6b62\u54b3\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u767e\u90e8\u4e3a6 g[29]\u3002<\/p>\n

4.4 \u914d\u4f0d\u65cb\u8986\u82b1\u674e\u53cb\u6797\u4ee5\u80ba\u813e\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u810f\u8151\u6574\u4f53\u8fa8\u6cbb\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u201c\u6e29\u6da6\u8f9b\u91d1\u57f9\u813e\u201d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7597\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u54ee\u5598\u6162\u6027\u6301\u7eed\u671f\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u4e0b\u6c14\u5316\u75f0\uff0c\u65cb\u8986\u82b1\u964d\u6c14\u6d88\u75f0\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u964d\u6c14\u5316\u75f0\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a12 g\uff0c\u65cb\u8986\u82b1\u4e3a12 g[30]\u3002<\/p>\n

4.5 \u914d\u4f0d\u6e05\u80ba\u996e\u9b4f\u6653\u840d\u7ee7\u627f\u524d\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6e05\u80ba\u996e\uff08\u832f\u82d3\u3001\u9ea6\u51ac\u3001\u9ec4\u82a9\u3001\u6851\u76ae\u3001\u6800\u5b50\u3001\u6728\u901a\u3001\u8f66\u524d\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u52a0\u51cf\u6e05\u80ba\u996e\uff0c\u4ece\u80ba\u8fa8\u6cbb\u7643\u95ed\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u80fd\u884c\u80ba\u7ecf\u6c14\u8840\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u901a\u5229\u5c0f\u4fbf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u80ba\u75be\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u8868\u91cc\u5bd2\u70ed\u865a\u5b9e\u7686\u53ef\uff1b\u6e05\u80ba\u996e\u529f\u6548\u4e3a\u6e05\u80ba\u964d\u6c14\uff0c\u901a\u5229\u6c34\u9053\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u6e05\u80ba\u964d\u6c14\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5e38\u7528\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a30 g\uff0c\u6e05\u80ba\u996e\uff08\u9ea6\u51ac10 g\uff0c\u9ec4\u82a910 g\uff0c\u6851\u76ae10 g\uff0c\u6800\u5b506 g\uff0c\u6728\u901a5 g\uff0c\u8f66\u524d\u5b5012 g\uff09[31]\u3002<\/p>\n

4.6 \u914d\u4f0d\u6854\u6897\u738b\u656c\u73cd\u7528\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6854\u6897\u6cbb\u7597\u7643\u95ed\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u82e6\u80fd\u964d\u6c14\u8fbe\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f9b\u53ef\u76ca\u80ba\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u6c14\u5316\u4e0b\u8fbe\u4e8e\u8180\u80f1\u800c\u5229\u5c0f\u4fbf\uff0c\u6854\u6897\u5f00\u5ba3\u80ba\u6c14\u3001\u901a\u8c03\u6c34\u9053\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5408\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u5ba3\u80ba\u901a\u5229\u6c34\u9053\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5e38\u7528\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u6854\u6897\u4e3a10 g[32]\u3002\u7530\u96e8\u9752\u9009\u7528\u81ea\u4e0a\u5ba3\u4e0b\u6cd5\u52a0\u5473\u6cbb\u7597\u75f0\u70ed\u90c1\u80ba\u578b\u4fbf\u79d8\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u8083\u964d\u80ba\u6c14\uff0c\u6854\u6897\u5f00\u5ba3\u80ba\u6c14\uff0c\u52a9\u63a8\u5927\u80a0\u4f20\u5bfc\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u914d\u4f0d\u6854\u6897\u53d6\u63d0\u58f6\u63ed\u76d6\u4e4b\u4e49\uff0c\u80ba\u6c14\u5f97\u5ba3\uff0c\u5927\u4fbf\u901a\u7545\uff0c\u7d2b\u83c0\u5242\u91cf\u4e3a10 g\uff0c\u6854\u6897\u4e3a10 g[33]\u3002<\/p>\n

5 \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n

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